Acne vulgaris (commonly referred to as acne) is a common skin disease in which hair follicles become clogged with dead skin and oils resulting in inflammation. Acne has a varied etiology which includes genetics, hormonal function, bacterial growth, and other causes.

Clinically, ance can be identified by open or closed comedones, and/or by erythematous papules and pustules on the face, as well as erythema on the surrounding skin. Likewise, acneiform scarring may also occur which may or may not present with comedones.

Acne rosacea (commonly referred to as rosacea) is a common skin disease which is characterized by redness, papules, pustules, and swelling. Commonly mistaken for acne vulgaris in its early stages, acne rosacea is a relapsing condition, which can be exacerbated by sun exposure, heat, alcohol, strong emotions, caffeine, and spicy foods.

Clinically, rosacea is largely identified by the intense reddening of the skin (the erythema is caused by dilation of the superficial vasculature of the face). Likewise, rosacea does not typically present with comedones.

Unlike acne vulgaris, rosacea is typically localized commonly over the central face (i.e. medial cheek, nose, forehead, and chin).