ABS Requirements

American Board of Surgery

American Board of Surgery Requirements

Training Requirements leave policy; clinical weeks;

Training Requirements

Below is a general overview of the training requirements for general surgery certification. For complete details, please refer to the ABS Booklet of Information - Surgery (pdf).
Applicants who will not complete residency training by June 30 of their chief year must notify the ABS. All training must be completed by end of August to be eligible for that year's General Surgery Qualifying Exam.

Program and Time Requirements

A minimum of 5 years of progressive residency education satisfactorily completed in a general surgery program accredited by the ACGME or RCPSC. (See also Osteopathic Trainees Policy)
The 60 months of training at no more than 3 residency programs. If credit is granted for prior foreign training, it will count as one program. See also Limit on Number of Programs and Credit for Foreign Medical Education.
At least 48 weeks of full-time clinical activity in each residency year, regardless of the amount of operative experience obtained.
The 48 weeks may be averaged over the first 3 years of residency, for a total of 144 weeks required, and over the last 2 years, for a total of 96 weeks required. See our Leave Policy for further details; all time away from training must be accounted for on application form.
A categorical PGY-3 year completed in an accredited general surgery residency program. Note that completing three years at PGY-1 and -2 levels does not permit promotion to PGY-4; a categorical PGY-3 year must be completed and verified by the ABS' resident roster. The only exception is in cases where 3 years' credit has been granted for prior foreign graduate training.
At least 54 months of clinical surgical experience with increasing levels of responsibility over the 5 years, with no fewer than 42 months devoted to the content areas of general surgery.
No more than 6 months assigned to non-clinical or non-surgical disciplines during all junior years (PGY 1-3).
No more than 12 months allocated to any one surgical specialty other than general surgery during all junior years (PGY 1-3).
The final two residency years (PGY 4-5) in the same program.

Specific Requirements

Completion of the following programs: Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS), Advanced Trauma Life Support® (ATLS®) and Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery™ (FLS). Applicants are not required to be currently certified in these programs; they must only provide documentation of past certification.
Completion of the ABS Flexible Endoscopy Curriculum, effective with applicants graduating residency in the 2017-2018 academic year. The curriculum contains several levels; the final level includes successful completion of the Fundamentals of Endoscopic Surgery™ (FES) program. Documentation of current or past FES certification will be required for application approval.
At least 6 operative and 6 clinical performance assessments conducted by the program director or other faculty members while in residency. The ABS will not collect these forms, but will ask the program director to attest they have been completed.

Chief Resident Year

Acting in the capacity of chief resident in general surgery for a minimum of 48 weeks over the PGY-5 and PGY-4 years, per the definition below. Note that the RC-Surgery requires prior approval for chief rotations in the PGY-4 year.
The term "chief resident" indicates that a resident has assumed ultimate clinical responsibility for patient care under the supervision of the teaching staff and is the most senior resident involved with the direct care of the patient.
The entire chief resident experience in either the content areas of general surgery or (noncardiac) thoracic surgery, with no more than 4 months devoted to any one area. All rotations at the PGY-4 and -5 levels should involve substantive major operative experience and independent decision making.

Operative Experience

The following operative requirements are effective with applicants graduating residency in the 2017-2018 academic year. The previous operative case numbers are noted in parenthesis — applicants who graduated before the 2017-2018 year will be required to meet those numbers.

At least 850 (previously 750) operative procedures as surgeon over 5 years, with at least 200 (previously 150) in the chief resident year. Teaching assistant cases may count toward the 850 total; however these cases may not count toward the 200 chief year cases.
At least 40 (previously 25) cases in surgical critical care, with at least one in each of the seven categories: ventilatory management; bleeding (non-trauma); hemodynamic instability; organ dysfunction/failure; dysrhythmias; invasive line management and monitoring; and parenteral/enteral nutrition.
At least 25 cases as teaching assistant by the completion of residency.
At least 250 operations by the beginning of PGY-3 year, effective with applicants who began residency in July 2014. The 250 cases can include procedures performed as operating surgeon or first assistant. Of the 250, at least 200 must be either in the defined categories, endoscopies, or e-codes (see below for info on e-codes). Up to 50 non-defined cases may be applied to this requirement.

E-Codes: General surgery residents can use e-codes to receive ACGME case log credit for vascular surgical procedures. E-codes allow more than one resident to take credit for an arterial exposure and repair. The resident who accomplishes the exposure should add an "E" to the case ID for the system to allow credit for a second procedure on the same patient. The relevant CPT codes to use are: 35201 (Repair blood vessel, direct; neck); 35206 (upper extremity); 35216 (intra-thoracic without bypass); 35221 (intra-abdominal), and 35226 (lower extremity). Four categories are available under Trauma for residents to enter arterial exposures.

For specific inquiries regarding ABS training requirements, please send an email to the ABS coordinator.

(posted October 2021)

Quick Links:

Resident Performance Assessment Requirements SIMPL; EPA; GAGES; Op & Clinical Assessments

EPAs

SIMPL EPA

Program Requirements:

Residents must complete 2 EPAs and 2 OR assessments per week.

Resident must initiate communication with an Attending physician and ask to complete an assessment on them. The Residency Program will not do this for you.

EPAS:

What is an EPA?

Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) were developed to provide the opportunity for frequent, time-efficient, feedback-oriented and workplace-based assessment in the course of daily clinical workflow. EPAs are an important clinical assessment component of competency-based resident education (CBRE). They offer the opportunity to operationalize competency evaluation and related entrustment decisions in the course of regular patient care, and address some of the challenges educators and trainees have faced in bridging core competency theory into clinical practice and performance assessment.
It is important to note that EPAs are NOT competencies, but rather a complement to competencies, and serve as a way to translate the broad concept of competency into everyday practice.

EPAs are units of work a physician performs that can be directly observed - things people do, such as evaluating and managing a patient experiencing a specific medical concern.
Competencies are broad and foundational domains of ability, such as medical knowledge or interpersonal skills.
Milestones are capabilities that describe progress at advancing levels of competence along the sequence from novice to expertise.

A suite of EPAs for a specialty can define the core clinical activities that a resident should exhibit to be deemed competent and worthy of autonomy and entrustment in patient care. Because EPAs are anchored in clinical practice, they allow a way to capture the in-the-moment decisions that attending physicians are already making about how much supervision or autonomy they will give a trainee in a real-world setting and can inform the trainee's progress towards entrustment for a patient's care.

Residents must complete 2 EPAs per week
Completing your EPAs will help you meet the ABS clinical and operative assessment requirements.
Ask an Attending to complete an EPA assessment on you
Use the SIMPL EPA app

More Resources

ABS Operative & Clinical Assessments

Applicants who complete their general surgery residency training in the 2015-2016 academic year or thereafter will be required to obtain during residency at least 6 operative performance assessments and 6 clinical performance assessments, conducted by their program director or other faculty members.

When signing an individual's application, the program director will be asked to attest that these 12 assessments have been completed. However, the applicant bears ultimate responsibility for ensuring these assessments are performed while in residency.

Operative:

You need 6 operative assessments to meet ABS requirement
Ask an Attending to complete an operative assessment on you
Use the SIIMPL OR app

Clinical:

You need 6 clinical assessments to meet the ABS requirement
Ask an Attending to complete an operative assessment on you
Use the SIMPL EPA app

GAGES

complete during Endoscopy rotation

Requirement :

You need 1 Colonoscopy (1 required with a score of 18 or higher)
You need 1 Upper GI Endoscopy (1 required with a score of 18 or higher)
Ask an Attending to complete an upper or lower GAGES on you; they can log into their Medhub account and view from their list of evals in their dropdown or you can contact the Residency Office and ask them to deliver eval to the designated Attending
Medhub has the following GAGES forms available for faculty to use: GAGES - Colonoscopy Scoresheet & GAGES - Upper GI Endoscopy Scoresheet

The ABS announced in 2014 a new requirement to ensure all ABS-certified general surgeons have completed a standard curriculum in the use of endoscopic techniques. This new requirement will apply to certification applicants who complete their residency training in the 2017-2018 academic year or thereafter.
During their general surgery residency, applicants will be required to have completed the ABS Flexible Endoscopy Curriculum (pdf).

Residents will be trained in basic upper and lower endoscopy, augmenting their endoscopy suite experience with cases in the ICU and operating room. Technical progress is assessed during this block using the Global Assessment of Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Skills (GAGES). GAGES scores should be recorded for residents at baseline and then at least intermittently through the course of their endoscopic experience. The goal is for residents to consistently achieve a GAGES score of ≥ 18 during their procedures. There should also be exposure to multidisciplinary GI meetings such as pathology conferences and GI conferences.

LEVEL IV (Typically completed in PGY-3 or -4) This initial senior experience encompasses improvements in both cognitive and technical skills with cases assessed using GAGES to achieve a minimum score of 18 for both upper and lower endoscopy — a score achieved by “experienced” endoscopists during the GAGES validation studies. Residents continue with more advanced cognitive modules for therapeutic endoscopic techniques. Clinical experience for residents, outside of their dedicated endoscopy experience, should take place in the operating room and ICU, and continued work in the endoscopy suite of the home institution or other affiliated or associated institutions is encouraged.

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