Why is CSOM still a surgical disease?

At Stanford Otolaryngology’s grand rounds, Dr Santa Maria discusses how topical fluoroquinolones are unable to eradicate chronic bacterial biofilms. He shares evidence from the Santa Maria lab’s in vitro and in vivo CSOM models showing that persister cells in the biofilm niche repopulate after cessation of antimicrobial therapies. He shares exciting new work done within the lab of potential therapeutics for CSOM.