Marina Basina

All Publications

• COVID-19 Hospitalization in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: Results from the T1D Exchange Multi-Center Surveillance Study. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism O'Malley, G., Ebekozien, O., Desimone, M., Pinnaro, C. T., Roberts, A., Polsky, S., Noor, N., Aleppo, G., Basina, M., Tansey, M., Steenkamp, D., Vendrame, F., Lorincz, I., Mathias, P., Agarwal, S., Golden, L., Hirsh, I. B., Levy, C. J. 2020

  Abstract

  CONTEXT: Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased COVID-19 morbidity and mortality, but there is little data focusing on outcomes in people with type 1 diabetes.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze characteristics of adults with type 1 diabetes for associations with COVID-19 hospitalization.DESIGN: An observational multi-site cross-sectional study was performed. Diabetes providers answered a 33-item questionnaire regarding demographics, symptoms, and diabetes- and COVID-19-related care and outcomes. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study population, and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the relationship between HbA1c, age, and comorbidities and hospitalization.SETTING: Cases were submitted from 52 US sites between March and August 2020.PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Adults over the age of 19 with type 1 diabetes and confirmed COVID-19 infection were included.INTERVENTIONS: None.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hospitalization for COVID-19 infection.RESULTS: A total of 113 cases were analyzed. Fifty-eight patients were hospitalized, and five patients died. Patients who were hospitalized were more likely to be older, to identify as non-Hispanic Black, to use public insurance, or to have hypertension, and less likely to use continuous glucose monitoring or insulin pumps. Median HbA1c was 8.6% (70 mmol/mol) and was positively associated with hospitalization (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.18-1.76), which persisted after adjustment for age, sex, race, and obesity.CONCLUSIONS: Baseline glycemic control and access to care are important modifiable risk factors which need to be addressed to optimize care of people with type 1 diabetes during the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic.

  View details for DOI 10.1210/clinem/dgaa825

  View details for PubMedID 33165563

• Assessing The Impact Of Calcitonin In Management Of Hypercalcemia Faheem, M., Abbasi, F., Basina, M. WILEY. 2020: 54

  View details for Web of Science ID 000593119300145

• Proposed Use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Care of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients. Journal of diabetes science and technology Jankovic, I., Basina, M. 2020: 1932296820965203

  Abstract

  Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disproportionately affected patients with diabetes. Mounting evidence has shown that adequate inpatient glycemic control may decrease the risk of mortality. In critically ill patients, insulin drips are the most effective means of controlling blood glucose. However, resource limitations such as the availability of protective equipment and nursing time have discouraged the use of insulin drips during COVID-19. In this commentary, we review existing evidence on the importance of glycemic control in COVID-19 patients with diabetes and propose a protocol for utilizing continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) to improve glycemic control by decreasing the need for bedside management in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

  View details for DOI 10.1177/1932296820965203

  View details for PubMedID 33084380

• High-Parametric Evaluation of Human Invariant Natural Killer T Cells to Delineate Heterogeneity in Allo- and Autoimmunity. Blood Erkers, T., Xie, B., Kenyon, L. J., Smith, B., Rieck, M., Jensen, K. P., Ji, X., Basina, M., Strober, S., Negrin, R. S., Maecker, H. T., Meyer, E. 2020

  Abstract

  Human invariant natural killer T cells (iNKTs) are a rare innate-like lymphocyte population that recognize glycolipids presented on CD1d. Studies in mice have shown that these cells are heterogenous and capable of enacting diverse functions, and the composition of iNKT subsets can alter disease outcomes. In contrast, far less is known about how heterogeneity in human iNKTs relates to disease. To address this, we use a high-dimensional, data-driven approach to devise a framework to parse human iNKT heterogeneity. Our data revealed novel and previously described iNKT phenotypes with distinct functions. In particular, we found two phenotypes of interest: 1) a population with Th1 function that was increased with iNKT activation characterized by HLA-II+CD161- expression, and 2) a population with enhanced cytotoxic function characterized by CD4-CD94+ expression. These populations, respectively, correlate with acute graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and with new onset type 1 diabetes. Our study identifies human iNKT phenotypes associated with human disease that could aid in the development of biomarkers or therapeutics targeting iNKTs.

  View details for DOI 10.1182/blood.2019001903

  View details for PubMedID 31935280

• THE GUIDED TRANSFER OF CARE IMPROVES ADULT CLINIC SHOW RATE. Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Lal, R. A., Maahs, D. M., Dosiou, C., Aye, T., Basina, M. 2020

  Abstract

  Objective Every year 500,000 youths in the U.S. with chronic disease turn 18 and eventually require transfer to adult subspecialty care. Evidence-based interventions on the organization of transfer of care are limited, although engagement and retention in adult clinic are considered appropriate outcomes. Sustained continuity of care improves patient satisfaction and reduces hospitalization. Methods We conducted a prospective non-randomized cohort study of patients with pediatric endocrine conditions, age 16-26 years, enrolled upon referral to the adult endocrine clinic of a physician trained in both adult and pediatric endocrinology (Med+Peds Endocrinologist). Patients differed based on whether their referral originated from another pediatric endocrinologist (traditional transfer) or if the Med+Peds Endocrinologist previously saw the patient in his pediatric endocrine clinic (guided transfer). Rather than relying on arbitrary age criteria, guided transfer to adult clinic occurred when physician and patient considered it appropriate. The primary outcome was show rate at the first and second adult visits. Results Of 36 patients, 21 were referred by another pediatric endocrinologist and 15 underwent guided transfer. For traditional transfer, show rate to the first and second visit was 38% compared to 100% in the guided transfer group (p = 0.0001). Subgroup analysis of 27 patients with diabetes revealed that both groups had similar initial HbA1c (p = 0.38) and the guided transfer group maintained HbA1c. Conclusions Most traditional transfers were unsuccessful. Guided transfer was significantly more effective, with every patient successfully transferring, and could be implemented with adult endocrinologists willing to see patients in the pediatric clinic.

  View details for DOI 10.4158/EP-2019-0470

  View details for PubMedID 32045296

• Fast-Acting Insulin Aspart Use with the MiniMed™ 670G System. Diabetes technology & therapeutics Hsu, L. J., Buckingham, B. A., Basina, M., Ekhlaspour, L., von Eyben, R., Wang, J., Lal, R. A. 2020

  Abstract

  BACKGROUND This study assessed the efficacy and safety of ultra-rapid insulin Fiasp® in the hybrid closed-loop MiniMed™ 670G system. METHODS This was a pilot randomized, double-blinded, cross-over study among established MiniMed™ 670G users comparing percent time in range (TIR) and hypoglycemia for Novolog® and Fiasp®. Following two weeks optimization with their home insulin, participants were randomized to receive Novolog® or Fiasp® for two weeks, followed by the other insulin for the next two weeks. Data from the second week of blinded insulin use was analyzed to allow one week for 670G adaptation. During the second week, individuals were asked to eat the same breakfast for three days to assess differences in meal pharmacodynamics. RESULTS Nineteen adults were recruited with mean age of 40±18 years, diabetes duration of 27±12 years and median HbA1c of 7.1 (6.9,7.5)%, using 0.72 (0.4,1.2) units/kg/day. For Novolog® and Fiasp® respectively the %TIR (70-180mg/dL) was 75.3±9.5 and 78.4 ±9.3; %time <70mg/dL was 3.1±2.1 and 2.3±2.0; %time >180mg/dL was 21.6±9.0 and 19.3±8.9; mean glucose was 147±12 and 146±12mg/dL; coefficient of variation was 28.6±4.5% and 26.8±4.4%; %time in Auto Mode 86.4±9.2 and 84.4±9.2. All comparisons were non-significant for insulin type. Total daily dose (Novolog® 48.8±28.4 vs. Fiasp® 52.4±31.7 units; p=0.01) and daily basal (Novolog® 17.6 (15.5,33.8) vs. Fiasp® 19.1 (15.3,38.5) units; p=0.07) correlated with TIR and %time >180mg/dL. For insulin delivery in Auto Mode there was no statistical difference in total daily dose or daily basal between arms. Paired analysis for matched breakfast meals revealed no significant differences in time to maximum glucose, peak glucose or glucose excursion. CONCLUSIONS In this pilot study the use of either Novolog® or Fiasp® in a commercially available MiniMed™ 670G system operating in Auto Mode resulted in clinically similar glycemic outcomes, with a slight increase in daily insulin requirements using Fiasp®.

  View details for DOI 10.1089/dia.2020.0083

  View details for PubMedID 32520594

• Primary Care Providers in California and Florida Report Low Confidence in Providing Type 1 Diabetes Care. Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association Lal, R. A., Cuttriss, N., Haller, M. J., Yabut, K., Anez-Zabala, C., Hood, K. K., Sheehan, E., Basina, M., Bernier, A., Baer, L. G., Filipp, S. L., Wang, C. J., Town, M. A., Gurka, M. J., Maahs, D. M., Walker, A. F. 2020; 38 (2): 159–65

  Abstract

  People with type 1 diabetes may receive a significant portion of their care from primary care providers (PCPs). To understand the involvement of PCPs in delivering type 1 diabetes care, we performed surveys in California and Florida, two of the most populous and diverse states in the United States. PCPs fill insulin prescriptions but report low confidence in providing type 1 diabetes care and difficulty accessing specialty referrals to endocrinologists.

  View details for DOI 10.2337/cd19-0060

  View details for PubMedID 32327888

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC7164993

• 670G Clinical Experience Lal, R., Basina, M., Maahs, D. M., Buckingham, B. A., Hood, K. K., Conrad, B. P., Leverenz, J., Chmielewski, A., Peterson, K., Wilson, D. AMER DIABETES ASSOC. 2019

  View details for DOI 10.2337/db19-80-OR

  View details for Web of Science ID 000501366900157

• The Guided Transition of Care Lal, R., Maahs, D. M., Dosiou, C., Aye, T., Basina, M. AMER DIABETES ASSOC. 2019

  View details for DOI 10.2337/db19-1384-P

  View details for Web of Science ID 000501366903267

• One Year Clinical Experience of the First Commercial Hybrid Closed-Loop. Diabetes care Lal, R. A., Basina, M., Maahs, D. M., Hood, K., Buckingham, B., Wilson, D. M. 2019

  Abstract

  In September 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the Medtronic 670G "hybrid" closed-loop system. In Auto Mode, this system automatically controls basal insulin delivery based on continuous glucose monitoring data, but requires users enter carbohydrates and blood glucose for boluses. To track real-world experience with this first commercial closed-loop device, we prospectively followed pediatric and adult patients starting the 670G system.This was a 1-year prospective observational study of patients with type 1 diabetes starting the 670G system between May 2017 and May 2018 in clinic.A total of 84 patients received 670G and consented, 5 never returned for follow-up, with 79 (aged 9-61 years) providing data at 1 week and 3, 6, 9, and/or 12 months after Auto Mode initiation. For the 86% (68 out of 79) with 1-week data, 99% (67 out of 68) successfully started. By 3 months, at least 28% (22 out of 79) stopped using Auto Mode; at 6 months, 34% (27 out of 79); at 9 months, 35% (28 out of 79); and by 12 months, 33% (26 out of 79). The primary reason for continuing Auto Mode was desire for increased time in range. Reasons for discontinuation included sensor issues in 62% (16 out of 26), problems obtaining supplies in 12% (3 out of 26), hypoglycemia fear in 12% (3 out of 26), multiple daily injection preference in 8% (2 out of 26), and sports in 8% (2 out of 26). At all visits, there was a significant correlation between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and Auto Mode utilization.While Auto Mode utilization correlates with improved glycemic control, a focus on usability and human factors is necessary to ensure use of Auto Mode. Alarms and sensor calibration are a major patient concern, which future technology should alleviate.

  View details for DOI 10.2337/dc19-0855

  View details for PubMedID 31548247

• A Proinflammatory Invariant Natural Killer T Cells Phenotypic State Associates with Human Graft-Versus-Host Disease Onset and Response Erkers, T., Xei, B., Kenyon, L., Rieck, M., Basina, M., Jensen, K., Strober, S., Negrin, R. S., Maecker, H. T., Meyer, E. H. AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY. 2018

  View details for DOI 10.1182/blood-2018-99-120358

  View details for Web of Science ID 000454837606099

• Diagnostic 123I Whole Body Scan Prior to Ablation of Thyroid Remnant in Patients With Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Implications for Clinical Management CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE Song, H., Mosci, C., Akatsu, H., Basina, M., Dosiou, C., Iagaru, A. 2018; 43 (10): 705–9

  Abstract

  The use of I whole body scintigraphy (WBS) before I radioiodine ablation (RIA) of the post-surgical thyroid remnant in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remains debated. The American Thyroid Association's guidelines state that WBS may be useful before RIA (rating C-expert opinion). Some institutions do not use I WBS before RIA in their routine clinical protocol. We were therefore prompted to evaluate the impact of I WBS prior to ablation of thyroid remnant in patients with PTC.We reviewed data from 152 consecutive patients with PTC who had total thyroidectomy and were referred for RIA between August 2007 and February 2009 at our institution. The group included 107 women and 45 men, 13-82 years old (mean ± SD: 45.5 ± 18.3). Three endocrinologists blinded to the results of the I WBS reviewed patients' data including sex, age, pathology, thyroglobulin (Tg) level, anti-Tg antibodies, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level and ultrasound results. Each endocrinologist then returned a form with the recommended I dose for each participant, according to the following rules: 50-75 mCi (remnant ablation), 75-125 mCi (lymph nodes metastases), 150 mCi (lung metastases), and 200 mCi (bone metastases). We compared their recommended doses with the actual I doses prescribed after the pre-therapy I WBS.All three endocrinologists recommended the same dose in 98.7% of the cases. The dose prescribed by the endocrinologists matched the dose administered after analyzing the I WBS in 77 patients (51%). However, for 46 patients (30%) the endocrinologists would have given a lower dose, for 18 patients (12%) a higher dose than that administered based on the results of the I WBS, while 11 patients (7%) would have been treated unnecessarily (5/11 had no I uptake and 6/11 had I uptake in the breasts).Our study suggests a significant role of the pre-therapy I WBS in PTC patients referred for I ablation post-thyroidectomy. The actual I dose that was administered based on the I WBS differed from the dose recommended in the absence of the I WBS in 49% of the cases.

  View details for PubMedID 30153149

• Age at type 1 diabetes onset: a new risk factor and call for focused treatment LANCET Basina, M., Maahs, D. M. 2018; 392 (10146): 453–54

  View details for DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31811-7

  View details for Web of Science ID 000441292200004

• Glucose sensor-augmented continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in patients with diabetic gastroparesis: An open-label pilot prospective study PLOS ONE Calles-Escandon, J., Koch, K. L., Hasler, W. L., Van Natta, M. L., Pasricha, P. J., Tonascia, J., Parkman, H. P., Hamilton, F., Herman, W. H., Basina, M., Buckingham, B., Earle, K., Kirkeby, K., Hairston, K., Bright, T., Rothberg, A. E., Kraftson, A. T., Siraj, E. S., Subauste, A., Lee, L. A., Abell, T. L., McCallum, R. W., Sarosiek, I., Nguyen, L., Fass, R., Snape, W. J., Vaughn, I. A., Miriel, L. A., Farrugia, G., NIDDK Gastroparesis Clinical Re 2018; 13 (4): e0194759

  Abstract

  Erratic blood glucose levels can be a cause and consequence of delayed gastric emptying in patients with diabetes. It is unknown if better glycemic control increases risks of hypoglycemia or improves hemoglobin A1c levels and gastrointestinal symptoms in diabetic gastroparesis. This study investigated the safety and potential efficacy of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in poorly controlled diabetes with gastroparesis. Forty-five type 1 or 2 patients with diabetes and gastroparesis and hemoglobin A1c >8% from the NIDDK Gastroparesis Consortium enrolled in a 24 week open-label pilot prospective study of CSII plus CGM. The primary safety outcome was combined numbers of mild, moderate, and severe hypoglycemic events at screening and 24 weeks treatment. Secondary outcomes included glycemic excursions on CGM, hemoglobin A1c, gastroparesis symptoms, quality-of-life, and liquid meal tolerance. Combined mild, moderate, and severe hypoglycemic events occurred similarly during the screening/run-in (1.9/week) versus treatment (2.2/week) phases with a relative risk of 1.18 (95% CI 0.85-1.64, P = 0.33). CGM time in hypoglycemia (<70 mg/dL) decreased from 3.9% to 1.8% (P<0.0001), time in euglycemia (70-180 mg/dL) increased from 44.0% to 52.0% (P = 0.02), time in severe hyperglycemia (>300 mg/dL) decreased from 14.2% to 7.0% (P = 0.005), and hemoglobin A1c decreased from 9.4±1.4% to 8.3±1.3% (P = 0.001) on CSII plus CGM. Symptom scores decreased from 29.3±7.1 to 21.9±10.2 with lower nausea/vomiting, fullness/early satiety, and bloating/distention scores (P≤0.001). Quality-of-life scores improved from 2.4±1.1 to 3.1±1.1 (P<0.0001) and volumes of liquid nutrient meals tolerated increased from 420±258 to 487±312 mL (P = 0.05) at 24 weeks. In conclusion, CSII plus CGM appeared to be safe with minimal risks of hypoglycemic events and associated improvements in glycemic control, gastroparesis symptoms, quality-of-life, and meal tolerance in patients with poorly controlled diabetes and gastroparesis. This study supports the safety, feasibility, and potential benefits of improving glycemic control in diabetic gastroparesis.

  View details for PubMedID 29652893

• Age at type 1 diabetes onset: a new risk factor and call for focused treatment. Lancet (London, England) Basina, M., Maahs, D. M. 2018; 392 (10146): 453–54

  View details for PubMedID 30129445

• Postmenopausal Hyperandrogenism. Journal of women's health care Lal, R. A., Basina, M. 2018; 7 (1)

  View details for DOI 10.4172/2167-0420.1000e132

  View details for PubMedID 32284912

• T1-REDEEM: A Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Diabetes Distress Among Adults With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes care Fisher, L., Hessler, D., Polonsky, W. H., Masharani, U., Guzman, S., Bowyer, V., Strycker, L., Ahmann, A., Basina, M., Blumer, I., Chloe, C., Kim, S., Peters, A. L., Shumway, M., Weihs, K., Wu, P. 2018

  Abstract

  To compare the effectiveness of two interventions to reduce diabetes distress (DD) and improve glycemic control among adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Individuals with T1D (n = 301) with elevated DD and HbA1c were recruited from multiple settings and randomly assigned to OnTrack, an emotion-focused intervention, or to KnowIt, an educational/behavioral intervention. Each group attended a full-day workshop plus four online meetings over 3 months. Assessments occurred at baseline and 3 and 9 months. Primary and secondary outcomes were change in DD and change in HbA1c, respectively.With 12% attrition, both groups demonstrated dramatic reductions in DD (effect size d = 1.06; 78.4% demonstrated a reduction of at least one minimal clinically important difference). There were, however, no significant differences in DD reduction between OnTrack and KnowIt. Moderator analyses indicated that OnTrack provided greater DD reduction to those with initially poorer cognitive or emotion regulation skills, higher baseline DD, or greater initial diabetes knowledge than those in KnowIt. Significant but modest reductions in HbA1c occurred with no between-group differences. Change in DD was modestly associated with change in HbA1c (r = 0.14, P = 0.01), with no significant between-group differences.DD can be successfully reduced among distressed individuals with T1D with elevated HbA1c using both education/behavioral and emotion-focused approaches. Reductions in DD are only modestly associated with reductions in HbA1c. These findings point to the importance of tailoring interventions to address affective, knowledge, and cognitive skills when intervening to reduce DD and improve glycemic control.

  View details for PubMedID 29976567

• Use of a Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Patch Pump in a Blind Patient with Type 1 Diabetes and Major Complications: Case Report Simos, A., Basina, M. AMER DIABETES ASSOC. 2016: A20

  View details for Web of Science ID 000398372800075

• Successful long-term treatment of Cushing disease with mifepristone (RU486). Endocrine practice Basina, M., Liu, H., Hoffman, A. R., Feldman, D. 2012; 18 (5): e114-20

  Abstract

  We describe a girl with Cushing disease for whom surgery and radiation treatments failed and the subsequent clinical course with mifepristone therapy.We present the patient's clinical, biochemical, and imaging findings.A 16-year-old girl presented with classic Cushing disease. After transsphenoidal surgery, Cyberknife radiosurgery, ketoconazole, and metyrapone did not control her disease, and she was prescribed mifepristone, which was titrated to a maximal dosage of 1200 mg daily with subsequent symptom improvement. Mifepristone (RU486) is a high-affinity, nonselective antagonist of the glucocorticoid receptor. There is limited literature on its use as an off-label medication to treat refractory Cushing disease. Over her 8-year treatment with mifepristone, her therapy was complicated by hypertension and hypokalemia requiring spironolactone and potassium chloride. She received a 2-month drug holiday every 4 to 6 months to allow for withdrawal menstrual bleeding with medroxyprogesterone acetate. Urinary cortisol, serum cortisol, and corticotropin levels remained elevated during mifepristone drug holidays. While on mifepristone, her signs and symptoms of Cushing disease resolved. Repeated magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated stable appearance of the residual pituitary mass. Bilateral adrenalectomy was performed, and mifepristone was discontinued after 95 months of medical therapy.We describe the longest duration of mifepristone therapy thus reported for the treatment of refractory Cushing disease. Mifepristone effectively controlled all signs and symptoms of hypercortisolism. Menstruating women who take the drug on a long-term basis should receive periodic drug holidays to allow for menses. The lack of reliable serum biomarkers to monitor the success of mifepristone therapy requires careful clinical judgment and may make its use difficult in Cushing disease.

  View details for DOI 10.4158/EP11391.CR

  View details for PubMedID 22441000

• A rare case of an aldosterone secreting metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma in a 31-year-old male. Rare tumors Wanta, S. M., Basina, M., Chang, S. D., Chang, D. T., Ford, J. M., Greco, R., Kingham, K., Merritt, R. E., Kunz, P. L. 2011; 3 (4)

  Abstract

  We report a rare synchronous presentation of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). A 31-year-old male first presented with a large left adrenal mass that was identified during the workup for refractory hypertension due to hyperaldosteronism. The mass was removed surgically with pathology showing ACC. The patient was then treated with adjuvant radiation therapy and mitotane chemotherapy. Four months post ACC resection, metastatic ACC to the right upper lung and PTC in the left lobe of the thyroid were found in surveillance imaging. He subsequently developed pulmonary, contralateral adrenal and brain metastases from his ACC. Li Fraumeni syndrome and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type I (MEN I) were considered, but testing of both P53 and menin genes showed no mutation. We also performed a review of the literature and found three similar cases, however gene mutation analysis was not performed..

  View details for DOI 10.4081/rt.2011.e45

  View details for PubMedID 22355500

  View details for PubMedCentralID PMC3282450

• Clinical efficacy of two hypocaloric diets that vary in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes - Comparison of moderate fat versus carbohydrate reductions DIABETES CARE McLaughlin, T., Carter, S., Lamendola, C., Abbasi, F., Schaaf, P., Basina, M., Reaven, G. 2007; 30 (7): 1877-1879

  View details for DOI 10.2337/dc07-0301

  View details for Web of Science ID 000247768400036

  View details for PubMedID 17475941

• Effects of moderate variations in macronutrient composition on weight loss and reduction in cardiovascular disease risk in obese, insulin-resistant adults AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION McLaughlin, T., Carter, S., Lamendola, C., Abbasi, F., Yee, G., Schaaf, P., Basina, M., Reaven, G. 2006; 84 (4): 813-821

  Abstract

  Obese, insulin-resistant persons are at risk of cardiovascular disease. How best to achieve both weight loss and clinical benefit in these persons is controversial, and recent reports questioned the superiority of low-fat diets.We aimed to ascertain the effects of moderate variations in the carbohydrate and fat content of calorie-restricted diets on weight loss and cardiovascular disease risk in obese, insulin-resistant persons.Fifty-seven randomly assigned, insulin-resistant, obese persons completed a 16-wk calorie-restricted diet with 15% of energy as protein and either 60% and 25% or 40% and 45% of energy as carbohydrate and fat, respectively. Baseline and postweight-loss insulin resistance; daylong glucose, insulin, and triacylglycerol concentrations; fasting lipid and lipoprotein concentrations; and markers of endothelial function were quantified.Weight loss with 60% or 40% of energy as carbohydrate (5.7 +/- 0.7 or 6.9 +/- 0.7 kg, respectively) did not differ significantly, and improvement in insulin sensitivity correlated with the amount of weight lost (r = 0.50, P < 0.001). Subjects following the diet with 40% of energy as carbohydrate had greater reductions in daylong insulin and triacylglycerol (P < 0.05) and fasting triacylglycerol (0.53 mmol/L; P = 0.04) concentrations, greater increases in HDL-cholesterol concentrations (0.12 mmol/L; P < 0.01) and LDL particle size (1.82 s; P < 0.05), and a greater decrease in plasma E-selectin (5.6 ng/L; P = 0.02) than did subjects following the diet with 60% of energy as carbohydrate.In obese, insulin-resistant persons, a calorie-restricted diet, moderately lower in carbohydrate and higher in unsaturated fat, is as efficacious as the traditional low-fat diet in producing weight loss and may be more beneficial in reducing markers for cardiovascular disease risk.

  View details for Web of Science ID 000241140700019

  View details for PubMedID 17023708

• Metabolic and ovarian effects of rosiglitazone treatment for 12 weeks in insulin-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome HUMAN REPRODUCTION Cataldo, N. A., Abbasi, F., McLaughlin, T. L., Basina, M., Fechner, P. Y., Giudice, L. C., Reaven, G. M. 2006; 21 (1): 109-120

  Abstract

  Insulin sensitizers have favourable metabolic and ovarian effects in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study examined rosiglitazone, a thiazolidinedione, in PCOS.In a prospective, open-label study, the effects of rosiglitazone on metabolism and ovarian function were examined in 42 non-diabetic women with PCOS classified according to the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development criteria and insulin resistance (IR) by steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG) > or =10 mmol/l on octreotide-modified insulin suppression testing. Participants were randomized to rosiglitazone 2, 4 or 8 mg daily for 12 weeks. Endpoints included ovulation and menstrual pattern; serum testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and LH; and changes in IR and glucose-insulin responses on 8 h mixed-meal profile.After rosiglitazone 8 mg daily for 12 weeks, SSPG declined and insulinaemia fell by 46%; lower doses gave lesser effects. Serum LH, total and free testosterone were unchanged; SHBG increased. With rosiglitazone, ovulation occurred in 23/42 women (55%), without significant dose dependence. Both before and during treatment, ovulators on rosiglitazone had lower circulating insulin and free testosterone and higher SHBG than non-ovulators. Testosterone declined only in a subgroup of ovulators with early vaginal bleeding after starting rosiglitazone.Rosiglitazone in insulin-resistant PCOS promoted ovulation and dose-dependently decreased IR and insulinaemia; ovulators had lower circulating insulin and testosterone.

  View details for DOI 10.1093/humrep/dei289

  View details for Web of Science ID 000233846700014

  View details for PubMedID 16155076

• Effectiveness of Diabetes Management: is Improvement Feasible? American Journal of Medicine Marina Basina, Frederick B Kraemer 2002; 112 (8)
• Utilization of Thyrogen. Thyroid Weisler, S., Basina, M, Hershman JM 2001; 11 (11)