PUBLICATIONS

PANS/PANDAS EVALUATION AND TREATMENT GUIDELINES

Chang K*, Frankovich J*, Cooperstock M, Cunningham M, Latimer E, Murphy T, Pasternack M, Thienemann M, Williams K, Walter J, Swedo S. Clinical Evaluation of Youth with Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS): Recommendations from the 2013 PANS Consensus Conference. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 25, No. 1, February 2015: 3-13. PMID: 25325534
Swedo S, Frankovich J, Murphy T. Overview of Treatment of Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome. J of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. Vol. 27, No.7, September 2017. doi:10.1089/cap/2017.0042
Thienemann M, Murphy T, Leckman J, Shaw R, Williams K, Kapphahn C, Frankovich J, Geller D, Bernstein G, Chang K, Elia J, Swedo S. Clinical Management of Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: Part I-Psychiatric and Behavioral Interventions. J of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. Vol. 27, No.7, 566-573. September 2017. doi:10.1089/cap.2016.0145
Frankovich J, Swedo S, Murphy T, Dale R C, Agalliu D, Williams K, Daines M, Hornig M, Chugani H, Sanger T, Muscal E, Pasternack M, Cooperstock, et al. Clinical Management of Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: Part II—Use of Immunomodulatory Therapies. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 27, No. 7, 574-593. September 2017. doi: 10.1089/cap.2016.0148
Cooperstock M, Swedo S, Pasternack M, Murphy T. Clinical Management of Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: Part III- Treatment and Prevention of Infections. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 27, No. 7. September 2017. doi: 10.1089/cap.2016.0151

STANFORD PANS/PANDAS PUBLICATIONS

Chan A, Frankovich J. Infections, Antibiotics, and Mental Health Deteriorations. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2019 Jul 29. doi: 10.1089/cap.2019.0100. [Epub ahead of print]
Silverman M, Frankovich J, Nguyen E, Leibold C, Yoon J, Freeman GM Jr, Karpel H, Thienemann M. Corrigendum to "Psychotic symptoms in youth with Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) may reflect syndrome severity and heterogeneity" [J. Psychiatr. Res. 110 (2019) 93-102]. J Psychiatr Res. 2019 Jun;113:45. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.03.010. Epub 2019 Mar 18.
Silverman, M., Frankovich, J., Nguyen, E., Leibold, C., Yoon, J., Mark Freeman, G. J., Karpel, H., Thienemann, M. Psychotic symptoms in youth with Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) may reflect syndrome severity and heterogeneity. Journal of Psychiatric Research. March 2019, online ahead of print. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.11.013
Frankovich J, Leibold CM, Farmer C, Sainani K, Kamalani G, Farhadian B, Willett T, Park JM, Sidell D, Ahmed S, Thienemann M. The Burden of Caring for a Child or Adolescent With Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS): An Observational Longitudinal Study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2018 Dec 11;80(1) PMID: 30549499 doi: 10.4088/JCP.17m12091
Leibold C, Thienemann M, Farhasian B, Willett T, Frankovich J. Psychometric Properties of the Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome Global Impairment Score in Children and Adolescents with Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. Published online ahead of print Epub 2018 Nov 13. doi: 10.1089/cap.2018.0029
Thienemann, M., Frankovich, J. Action in the face of uncertainty? The Journal of Pediatrics, October 2018, online ahead of print. PMID:30318368 doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.08.014
Frankovich, J., Sidell, D., Gans, H., Brown, K., Mahony, T., Thienemann, M. Response to editor regarding "Improvement of psychiatric symptoms in youth following resolution of sinusitis". International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Vol 112 208-209. September 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.07.047
Rosa J, Hernandez J, Sherr J, Smith B, Brown K, Farhadian B, Mahony T, McGhee S, Lewis D B, Thienemann M, Frankovich J. Allergic Diseases and Immune-Mediated Food Disorders in Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome. Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonology, Vol 31, No.3. Sept 2018. doi: 10.1089/ped.2018.0888
Santoro JD, Frankovich J, Bhargava S. Continued Presence of Period Limb Movements During REM Sleep in Patients With Chronic Static Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS). Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, Vol. 14, Np. 7 1187-1192. July 2018. doi:10.5664/jcsm.7222
Farmer C, Thienemann M, Leibold C, Kamalani G, Sauls B, Frankovich J. Psychometric Evaluation of the Caregiver Burden Inventory in Children and Adolescents With PANS. J Pediatr Psychol. March 2018. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsy014.
Tran, P, Frankovich J, Van Mater H, Dale R, Or-Geva N, McHugh A, Thienemann M. “Pediatric Inflammatory Brain Disease" Complex Disorders in Pediaric Psychiatry. A Clinician's Guide1st Edition Editors: David I Driver & Shari Thomas. December 2017.
Swedo S, Frankovich J, Murphy T. Overview of Treatment of Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome. J of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. Vol. 27, No.7, September 2017. doi:10.1089/cap/2017.0042
Frankovich J, Swedo S, Murphy T, Dale R C, Agalliu D, Williams K, Daines M, Hornig M, Chugani H, Sanger T, Muscal E, Pasternack M, Cooperstock, et al. Clinical Management of Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: Part II—Use of Immunomodulatory Therapies. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 27, No. 7, 574-593. September 2017. doi: 10.1089/cap.2016.0148
Thienemann M, Murphy T, Leckman J, Shaw R, Williams K, Kapphahn C, Frankovich J, Geller D, Bernstein G, Chang K, Elia J, Swedo S. Clinical Management of Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: Part I-Psychiatric and Behavioral Interventions. J of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. Vol. 27, No.7, 566-573. September 2017. doi:10.1089/cap.2016.0145
Brown K, Farmer C, Farhadian B, Hernandez J, Thienemann M, Frankovich J. Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) – Response to Oral Corticosteroid Bursts: An Observational Study of Patients in an Academic Community-Based PANS Clinic. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 27, No.7, July 2017, online ahead of print. PMID: 28714753. DOI: 10.1089/cap.2016.0139
Brown K, Farmer C, Freeman GM, Spartz E, Farhadian B, Thienemann M, Frankovich J. Effect of Early and Prophylactic Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) on Flare Duration in Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS): An Observational Studyof Patients Followed by an Academic Community-Based Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome Clinic. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. Vol. 27, No. 7, July 2017, online ahead of print. PMID: 28696786. DOI: 10.1089/cap.2016.0193
Spartz E, Freeman GM, Brown K, Farhadian B, Thienemann M, Frankovich J. Course of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms after Introduction or Removal of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Pediatric Observational Study. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 27, No. 7, July 2017, online ahead of print. PMID: 28696783. DOI: 10.1089/cap.2016.0179
Thienemann M, Murphy TK. "Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infections" in The SAGE Encyclopedia of Abnormal and Clinical Psychology (2017).
Thienemann M, Murphy TK. Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome. Handbook of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Across the Lifespan. Editors: Storch E and Abramowitz J, Wiley (2017).
Mahony T, Sidell D, Gans H, Brown K, Farhadian B, Gustafson M, Sherr J, Thienemann M, Frankovich J. Improvement of Psychiatric Symptoms in Youth Following Resolution of Sinusitis. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Vol. 92, January 2017: 38-44. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.10.034
Mahony T, Sidell D, Gans, H, Cooperstock M, Brown K, Cheung J, Farhadian B, Gustafson M, Thienemann M, Frankovich J. Palatal Petechiae in the Absence of Group A Streptococcus in Pediatric Patients with Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Deterioration: A Cohort Study. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 27, No. 7, April 2017, online ahead of print. DOI: 10.1089/cap.2016.0153
Thienemann M, Frankovich J. Sudden Onset of Tics, Tantrums, Hyperactivity, and Emotional Lability: Update on PANS and PANDAS. Psychiatric Times, Vol. 34, April 2017.
Thienemann M. Seeing Your First Child with PANDAS/PANS. The PANDAS Physicians Network Diagnostics and Therapeutics Committee. 2016.
Thienemann M. "PANDAS and PANS in School Settings: A Handbook for Educators." in PANDAS and PANS in School Settings, Jessica Kingsley, Philadelphia. August 2016.
Frankovich J, Thienemann M, Pearlstein J, Crable A, Brown K, Chang K. Multidisciplinary Clinic Dedicated to Treating Youth with Pediatric Acute-Onset of Neuropsychiatric Syndrome: Presenting Characteristics of the First 47 Consecutive Patients. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 25, No. 1, February 2015: 38-47. PMID: 25695943
Frankovich J, Thienemann M, Rana S, Chang K. Five Youth with Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome of Different Etiologies. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 25, No. 1, February 2015: 31-37. PMID: 25695942
Chang K*, Frankovich J*, Cooperstock M, Cunningham M, Latimer E, Murphy T, Pasternack M, Thienemann M, Williams K, Walter J, Swedo S. Clinical Evaluation of Youth with Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS): Recommendations from the 2013 PANS Consensus Conference. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 25, No. 1, February 2015: 3-13. PMID: 25325534
Chang K, Koplewicz HS, Steingard R: Special issue on pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 25: 1-2, 2015.
Cox CJ, Zuccolo AJ, Edwards EV, Mascaro-Blanco A, Alvarez K, Stoner J, Chang K, Cunningham MW: Antineuronal antibodies in a heterogeneous group of youth and young adults with tics and obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 25: 76-85, 2015.
Thienemann M, Murphy TK, Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome. Handbook of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Across the Lifespan. Eds. Storch E and Abramowitz J, Wiley (in press).

STANFORD PANS POSTER PRESENTATIONS

High Rate of Primary Immunodeficiency in Patients with Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS)

Presented at the Stanford School of Medicine Research Retreat 2019

Disease Trajectories of Patients having Pediatric Acute onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and Different Degrees of Aggression

Presented at the Stanford School of Medicine Research Retreat 2019

HLA Findings in Youth with Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS)

Presented at CARRA 2019

BASIC SCIENCE ARTICLES WITH RELEVANCE TO PANDAS

BASIC SCIENCE ARTICLES WITH RELEVANCE TO SYDENHAM CHOREA

Kilic A, Unuvar E, Tatli B, Gokce M, Omeroglu RE, Oguz F, Sidal M: Neurologic and cardiac findings in children with Sydenham chorea. Pediatr Neurol 36: 159-164, 2007.
Kirvan CA, Cox CJ, Swedo SE, Cunningham MW: Tubulin is a neuronal target of autoantibodies in Sydenham's chorea. J Immunol 178: 7412-7421, 2007.
Kirvan CA, Swedo SE, Kurahara D, Cunningham MW: Streptococcal mimicry and antibody-mediated cell signaling in the pathogenesis of Sydenham's chorea. Autoimmunity 39: 21-29, 2006
Korn-Lubetzki I, Brand A: Sydenham's chorea in Jerusalem: still present. Isr Med Assoc J 6: 460-462, 2004
Korn-Lubetzki I, Brand A, Steiner I: Recurrence of Sydenham chorea: implications for pathogenesis. Arch Neurol 61: 1261-1264, 2004.
Kirvan CA, Swedo SE, Heuser JS, Cunningham MW: Mimicry and autoantibody-mediated neuronal cell signaling in Sydenham chorea. Nat Med 9: 914-920, 2003.
Taranta A, Stollerman GH: The relationship of Sydenham's chorea to infection with group A streptococci. Am J Med 20: 170-175, 1956.

BASIC SCIENCE ARTICLES ON RELEVANT POST-INFECTIOUS PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES OF PATIENTS WITH PANS

CASE STUDIES OF PATIENTS WITH PANS

OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES OF PATIENTS WITH PANDAS

CASE STUDIES OF PATIENTS WITH PANDAS

OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES OF PATIENTS WITH SYDENHAM CHOREA IN REGARDS TO PSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS

CASE STUDIES OF PATIENTS WITH SYDENHAM CHOREA IN REGARDS TO PSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS

Kummer A, Maia DP, Cardoso F, Teixeira AL: Trichotillomania in acute Sydenham's chorea. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 41: 1013-1014, 2007.
Teixeira AL, Athayde GR, Sacramento DR, Maia DP, Cardoso F: Depressive and anxiety symptoms in Sydenham's chorea. Mov Disord 22: 905-906, 2007.
Teixeira AL, Jr., Maia DP, Cardoso F: Psychosis following acute Sydenham's chorea. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 16: 67-69, 2007.
Kin S, Taniwaki T, Shigeto H, Nomura T, Ohyagi Y: A case of adult-onset Sydenham chorea accompanied with psychiatric symptoms. No To Shinkei 58: 155-159, 2006.
Zomorrodi A, Wald ER: Sydenham's chorea in western Pennsylvania. Pediatrics 117: e675-679, 2006.
Asbahr FR, Ramos RT, Negrao AB, Gentil V: Case series: increased vulnerability to obsessive-compulsive symptoms with repeated episodes of Sydenham chorea. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 38: 1522-1525, 1999.
Stein DJ, Wessels C, Carr J, Hawkridge S, Bouwer C, Kalis N: Hair pulling in a patient with Sydenham's chorea. Am J Psychiatry 154: 1320, 1997.
Casanova MF, Crapanzano KA, Mannheim G, Kruesi M: Sydenham's chorea and schizophrenia: a case report. Schizophr Res 16: 73-76, 1995.

OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES OF PATIENTS WITH OTHER POST-INFECTIOUS/AUTOIMMUNE PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

CASE STUDIES OF PATIENTS WITH OTHER POST-INFECTIOUS/AUTOIMMUNE PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

Sato S, Nakajima J, Shimura M, Kawashima H, Yoshio T, Hara Y: Reversible basal ganglia lesions in neuropsychiatric lupus: a report of three pediatric cases. Int J Rheum Dis 17: 274-279, 2014.
Lee M, Lawn N, Prentice D, Chan J: Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis associated with ictal asystole. J Clin Neurosci 18: 1716-1718, 2011.
Mink J, Kurlan R: Acute postinfectious movement and psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. J Child Neurol 26: 214-217, 2011.
Yu CH, Lee MB, Tseng MM, Liao SC: Obsessive-compulsive symptoms as a manifestation of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. J Formos Med Assoc 107: 68-72, 2008.
Mercadante MT, Diniz JB, Hounie AG, Ferrao Y, Alvarenga P, Brotto S, Miguel EC: Obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders in rheumatic fever patients. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 17: 544-547, 2005.
Mahmud FH, Lteif AN, Renaud DL, Reed AM, Brands CK: Steroid-responsive encephalopathy associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis in an adolescent with chronic hallucinations and depression: case report and review. Pediatrics 112: 686-690, 2003.
Waldrep DA: Two cases of ADHD following GABHS infection: a PANDAS subgroup? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 41: 1273-1274, 2002.
Muller N, Riedel M, Forderreuther S, Blendinger C, Abele-Horn M: Tourette's syndrome and mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Am J Psychiatry 157: 481-482, 2000.
Sokol MS, Gray NS: Case study: an infection-triggered, autoimmune subtype of anorexia nervosa. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36: 1128-1133, 1997.
Park RJ, Lawrie SM, Freeman CP: Post-viral onset of anorexia nervosa. Br J Psychiatry 166: 386-389, 1995.
Peatfield RC: Basal ganglia damage and subcortical dementia after possible insidious Coxsackie virus encephalitis. Acta Neurol Scand 76: 340-345, 1987.

CONTINUING EDUCATION COURSES (CME)

TREATMENT STUDIES RELEVANT TO PANS, PANDAS, SYDENHAM CHOREA AND POST-INFECTIOUS NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

IMAGING STUDIES OF PATIENTS WITH PANDAS, SYDENHAM CHOREA, BASAL ENCEPHALITIS, OR OTHER POST-INFECTIOUS/AUTOIMMUNE NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS

Kumar A, Williams MT, Chugani HT: Evaluation of Basal Ganglia and Thalamic Inflammation in Children With Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infection and Tourette Syndrome: A Positron Emission Tomographic (PET) Study Using 11C-[R]-PK11195. J Child Neurol 30: 749-756, 2015.
Beato R, Siqueira CF, Marroni BJ, Boanova LG, de Lima CF, Maia DP, Nattan M, Cardoso F: Brain SPECT in Sydenham's chorea in remission. Mov Disord 29: 256-258, 2014.
Ekici A, Yakut A, Yimenicioglu S, Bora Carman K, Saylisoy S: Clinical and Neuroimaging Findings of Sydenham's Chorea. Iran J Pediatr 24: 300-306, 2014.
Arai H, Goto T, Kimura N, Miyama S: Acute encephalitis presenting with symmetrical involvement of the bilateral basal ganglia. No To Hattatsu 45: 457-460, 2013.
Gumus H, Gumus G, Per H, Yikilmaz A, Canpolat M, Poyrazoglu G, Narin N: Diffusion-weighted imaging in Sydenham's chorea. Childs Nerv Syst 29: 125-130, 2013.
Castelnovo G, Renard D: Magnetic resonance imaging in Sydenham chorea. Acta Neurol Belg 112: 397-398, 2012.
Hagiwara K, Tominaga K, Okada Y, Kido M, Yamasaki R, Shida N, Yamashita Y: Post-streptococcal chorea in an adult with bilateral striatal encephalitis. J Clin Neurosci 18: 708-709, 2011.
Lewin AB, Storch EA, Murphy TK: Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with Streptococcus in identical siblings. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 21: 177-182, 2011.
Maeder-Ingvar M, Prior JO, Irani SR, Rey V, Vincent A, Rossetti AO: FDG-PET hyperactivity in basal ganglia correlating with clinical course in anti-NDMA-R antibodies encephalitis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 82: 235-236, 2011.
Paghera B, Caobelli F, Giubbini R, Premi E, Padovani A: Reversible striatal hypermetabolism in a case of rare adult-onset Sydenham chorea on two sequential 18F-FDG PET studies. J Neuroradiol 38: 325-326, 2011.
Ho L: Hypermetabolism in bilateral basal ganglia in Sydenham chorea on F-18 FDG PET-CT. Clin Nucl Med 34: 114-116, 2009.
Beleza P, Soares-Fernandes J, Jordao MJ, Almeida F: From juvenile parkinsonism to encephalitis lethargica, a new phenotype of post-streptococcal disorders: case report. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 12: 505-507, 2008.
Tumas V, Caldas CT, Santos AC, Nobre A, Fernandes RM: Sydenham's chorea: clinical observations from a Brazilian movement disorder clinic. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 13: 276-283, 2007.
Kabakus N, Balci TA, Kurt A, Kurt AN: Cerebral blood flow abnormalities in children with Sydenham's chorea: a SPECT study. Indian Pediatr 43: 241-246, 2006.
Margari L, Ventura P, Portoghese C, Presicci A, Buttiglione M, Di Cuonzo F: Brain magnetic resonance spectroscopy in Sydenham's chorea and ADHD. Pediatr Neurol 34: 467-473, 2006.
Aron AM: Sydenham's chorea: positron emission tomographic (PET) scan studies. J Child Neurol 20: 832-833, 2005.
Elia J, Dell ML, Friedman DF, Zimmerman RA, Balamuth N, Ahmed AA, Pati S: PANDAS with catatonia: a case report. Therapeutic response to lorazepam and plasmapheresis. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 44: 1145-1150, 2005.
Moreau C, Devos D, Delmaire C, Gervais C, Defebvre L, Destee A: Progressive MRI abnormalities in late recurrence of Sydenham's chorea. J Neurol 252: 1341-1344, 2005.
Abreu MR, Jakosky A, Folgerini M, Brenol JC, Xavier RM, Kapczinsky F: Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: correlation of brain MR imaging, CT, and SPECT. Clin Imaging 29: 215-221, 2005.
Citak EC, Gucuyener K, Karabacak NI, Serdaroglu A, Okuyaz C, Aydin K: Functional brain imaging in Sydenham's chorea and streptococcal tic disorders. J Child Neurol 19: 387-390, 2004.
Alkan A, Kutlu R, Kocak G, Sigirci A, Emul M, Dogan S, Aslan M, Sarac K, Yakinci C: Brain MR spectroscopy in children with a history of rheumatic fever with a special emphasis on neuropsychiatric complications. Eur J Radiol 49: 224-228, 2004.
Demiroren K, Tastekin G, Oran B: Diagnostic role of 99mTc hexamethyl-propyleneamine oxime brain single photon emission computed tomography in Sydenham's chorea. Pediatr Int 46: 450-455, 2004.
Ulger Z, Ozyurek AR, Levent E: Unusual cranial magnetic resonance imaging findings in a case with Sydenham's chorea. Pediatr Int 46: 745-747, 2004.
Faustino PC, Terreri MT, da Rocha AJ, Zappitelli MC, Lederman HM, Hilario MO: Clinical, laboratory, psychiatric and magnetic resonance findings in patients with Sydenham chorea. Neuroradiology 45: 456-462, 2003.
Barsottini OG, Ferraz HB, Seviliano MM, Barbieri A: Brain SPECT imaging in Sydenham's chorea. Braz J Med Biol Res 35: 431-436, 2002.
Robertson WC, Jr., Smith CD: Sydenham's chorea in the age of MRI: a case report and review. Pediatr Neurol 27: 65-67, 2002.
Bodner SM, Morshed SA, Peterson BS: The question of PANDAS in adults. Biol Psychiatry 49: 807-810, 2001.
Giedd JN, Rapoport JL, Garvey MA, Perlmutter S, Swedo SE: MRI assessment of children with obsessive-compulsive disorder or tics associated with streptococcal infection. Am J Psychiatry 157: 281-283, 2000.
Peterson BS, Leckman JF, Tucker D, Scahill L, Staib L, Zhang H, King R, Cohen DJ, Gore JC, Lombroso P: Preliminary findings of antistreptococcal antibody titers and basal ganglia volumes in tic, obsessive-compulsive, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57: 364-372, 2000.
Castillo M, Kwock L, Arbelaez A: Sydenham's chorea: MRI and proton spectroscopy. Neuroradiology 41: 943-945, 1999.
Dilenge ME, Shevell MI, Dinh L: Restricted unilateral Sydenham's chorea: reversible contralateral striatal hypermetabolism demonstrated on single photon emission computed tomographic scanning. J Child Neurol 14: 509-513, 1999.
Lee PH, Nam HS, Lee KY, Lee BI, Lee JD: Serial brain SPECT images in a case of Sydenham chorea. Arch Neurol 56: 237-240, 1999.
Ryan MM, Antony JH: Cerebral vasculitis in a case of Sydenham's chorea. J Child Neurol 14: 815-818, 1999.
Verrips A, Fiselier T, Thijssen H, Gabreëls F: Disappearance of Sydenham's chorea and a caudate nucleus lesion after treatment with methylprednisolone. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology 3: A20, 1999.
Ikuta N, Hirata M, Sasabe F, Negoro K, Morimatsu M: High-signal basal ganglia on T1-weighted images in a patient with Sydenham's chorea. Neuroradiology 40: 659-661, 1998.
Emery ES, Vieco PT: Sydenham Chorea: magnetic resonance imaging reveals permanent basal ganglia injury. Neurology 48: 531-533, 1997.
Van der Merwe PL, Kalis NN: Sydenham's chorea--analysis of 27 patients and a review of the literature. S Afr Med J 87 Suppl 3: C157-160, 1997.
Giedd JN, Rapoport JL, Leonard HL, Richter D, Swedo SE: Case study: acute basal ganglia enlargement and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in an adolescent boy. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 35: 913-915, 1996.
Tucker DM, Leckman JF, Scahill L, Wilf GE, LaCamera R, Cardona L, Cohen P, Heidmann S, Goldstein J, Judge J, Snyder E, Bult A, Peterson BS, King R, Lombroso P: A putative poststreptococcal case of OCD with chronic tic disorder, not otherwise specified. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 35: 1684-1691, 1996.
Giedd JN, Rapoport JL, Kruesi MJ, Parker C, Schapiro MB, Allen AJ, Leonard HL, Kaysen D, Dickstein DP, Marsh WL, et al.: Sydenham's chorea: magnetic resonance imaging of the basal ganglia. Neurology 45: 2199-2202, 1995.
Traill Z, Pike M, Byrne J: Sydenham's chorea: a case showing reversible striatal abnormalities on CT and MRI. Dev Med Child Neurol 37: 270-273, 1995.
Hill A, Herkes GK, Roche P: SPECT and MRI findings in Sydenham's chorea. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 57: 763, 1994.
Goldman S, Amrom D, Szliwowski HB, Detemmerman D, Goldman S, Bidaut LM, Stanus E, Luxen A: Reversible striatal hypermetabolism in a case of Sydenham's chorea. Mov Disord 8: 355-358, 1993.
Heye N, Jergas M, Hotzinger H, Farahati J, Pohlau D, Przuntek H: Sydenham chorea: clinical, EEG, MRI and SPECT findings in the early stage of the disease. J Neurol 240: 121-123, 1993.
Swedo SE, Leonard HL, Schapiro MB, Casey BJ, Mannheim GB, Lenane MC, Rettew DC: Sydenham's chorea: physical and psychological symptoms of St Vitus dance. Pediatrics 91: 706-713, 1993.
Weindl A, Kuwert T, Leenders KL, Poremba M, Grafin von Einsiedel H, Antonini A, Herzog H, Scholz D, Feinendegen LE, Conrad B: Increased striatal glucose consumption in Sydenham's chorea. Mov Disord 8: 437-444,1993.
Goldman S, Amron D, Szliwowski H: Asymmetrical striatal glucose metabolism in a case of Sydenham's chorea with lateralized symptoms. Neurology 42: 320, 1992.
Konagaya M, Konagaya Y: MRI in hemiballism due to Sydenham's chorea. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 55: 238-239, 1992.
Kienzle GD, Breger RK, Chun RW, Zupanc ML, Sackett JF: Sydenham chorea: MR manifestations in two cases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 12: 73-76, 1991.

CASE CONTROL STUDIES WITH RELEVANCE TO PANDAS

CASE CONTROL STUDIES WITH RELEVANCE TO SYDENHAM CHOREA

Ben-Pazi H, Stoner JA, Cunningham MW: Dopamine receptor autoantibodies correlate with symptoms in Sydenham's chorea. PLoS One 8: e73516, 2013.
Brilot F, Merheb V, Ding A, Murphy T, Dale RC: Antibody binding to neuronal surface in Sydenham chorea, but not in PANDAS or Tourette syndrome. Neurology 76: 1508-1513, 2011
Beato R, Maia DP, Teixeira AL, Jr., Cardoso F: Executive functioning in adult patients with Sydenham's chorea. Mov Disord 25: 853-857, 2010.
Asbahr FR, Ramos RT, Costa AN, Sassi RB: Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in adults with history of rheumatic fever, Sydenham's chorea and type I diabetes mellitus: preliminary results. Acta Psychiatr Scand 111: 159-161, 2005.
Hounie AG, Pauls DL, Mercadante MT, Rosario-Campos MC, Shavitt RG, de Mathis MA, de Alvarenga PG, Curi M, Miguel EC: Obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders in rheumatic fever with and without Sydenham's chorea. J Clin Psychiatry 65: 994-999, 2004.
Church AJ, Cardoso F, Dale RC, Lees AJ, Thompson EJ, Giovannoni G: Anti-basal ganglia antibodies in acute and persistent Sydenham's chorea. Neurology 59: 227-231, 2002.
Husby G, van de Rijn I, Zabriskie JB, Abdin ZH, Williams RC, Jr.: Antibodies reacting with cytoplasm of subthalamic and caudate nuclei neurons in chorea and acute rheumatic fever. J Exp Med 144: 1094-1110, 1976.

CASE CONTROL STUDIES WITH RELEVANCE TO POST-INFECTIOUS/AUTOIMMUNE NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS OR BASAL GANGLIA ENCEPHALITIS

Aguilera-Albesa S, Crespo-Eguilaz N, Del Pozo JL, Villoslada P, Sanchez-Carpintero R: Anti-Basal Ganglia Antibodies and Streptococcal Infection in ADHD. J Atten Disord, 2015.
Toto M, Margari F, Simone M, Craig F, Petruzzelli MG, Tafuri S, Margari L: Antibasal Ganglia Antibodies and Antistreptolysin O in Noncomorbid ADHD. J Atten Disord, 2012.
Viswanathan S, Moses PD, Varkki S, Russell PS, Brahmadathan KN: Association between neuropsychiatric morbidity and streptococcal infections in children. Indian Pediatr 47: 168-170, 2010.
Dale RC, Candler PM, Church AJ, Wait R, Pocock JM, Giovannoni G: Neuronal surface glycolytic enzymes are autoantigen targets in post-streptococcal autoimmune CNS disease. J Neuroimmunol 172: 187-197, 2006.
Morer A, Vinas O, Lazaro L, Calvo R, Andres S, Bosch J, Gasto C, Massana J, Castro J: Subtyping obsessive-compulsive disorder: clinical and immunological findings in child and adult onset. J Psychiatr Res 40: 207-213, 2006.
Dale RC, Heyman I, Giovannoni G, Church AW: Incidence of anti-brain antibodies in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Br J Psychiatry 187: 314-319, 2005.
Fetissov SO, Harro J, Jaanisk M, Jarv A, Podar I, Allik J, Nilsson I, Sakthivel P, Lefvert AK, Hokfelt T: Autoantibodies against neuropeptides are associated with psychological traits in eating disorders. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 102: 14865-14870, 2005.
Dale RC, Church AJ, Surtees RA, Lees AJ, Adcock JE, Harding B, Neville BG, Giovannoni G: Encephalitis lethargica syndrome: 20 new cases and evidence of basal ganglia autoimmunity. Brain 127: 21-33, 2004.
Muller N, Riedel M, Blendinger C, Oberle K, Jacobs E, Abele-Horn M: Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and Tourette's syndrome. Psychiatry Res 129: 119-125, 2004
Dale RC, Church AJ, Cardoso F, Goddard E, Cox TC, Chong WK, Williams A, Klein NJ, Neville BG, Thompson EJ, Giovannoni G: Poststreptococcal acute disseminated encephalomyelitis with basal ganglia involvement and auto-reactive antibasal ganglia antibodies. Ann Neurol 50: 588-595, 2001.
Harel Z, Hallett J, Riggs S, Vaz R, Kiessling L: Antibodies against human putamen in adolescents with anorexia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord 29: 463-469, 2001.
Singer HS, Giuliano JD, Hansen BH, Hallett JJ, Laurino JP, Benson M, Kiessling LS: Antibodies against human putamen in children with Tourette syndrome. Neurology 50: 1618-1624, 1998.
Khanna S, Ravi V, Shenoy PK, Chandramuki A, Channabasavanna SM: Cerebrospinal fluid viral antibodies in obsessive-compulsive disorder in an Indian population. Biol Psychiatry 41: 883-890, 1997.
Khanna S, Ravi V, Shenoy PK, Chandramukhi A, Channabasavanna SM: Viral antibodies in blood in obsessive compulsive disorder. Indian J Psychiatry 39: 190-195, 1997.
Murphy TK, Goodman WK, Fudge MW, Williams RC, Jr., Ayoub EM, Dalal M, Lewis MH, Zabriskie JB: B lymphocyte antigen D8/17: a peripheral marker for childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette's syndrome? Am J Psychiatry 154: 402-407, 1997.

OVERVIEW ARTICLES ON PANS

OVERVIEW ARTICLES ON PANDAS

OVERVIEW ARTICLES ON SYDENAM CHOREA

Punukollu M, Mushet N, Linney M, Hennessy C, Morton M: Neuropsychiatric manifestations of Sydenham's chorea: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol, 2015.
Cardoso F: Sydenham's chorea. Handb Clin Neurol 100: 221-229, 2011.
Oosterveer DM, Overweg-Plandsoen WC, Roos RA: Sydenham's chorea: a practical overview of the current literature. Pediatr Neurol 43: 1-6, 2010.
Gordon N: Sydenham's chorea, and its complications affecting the nervous system. Brain Dev 31: 11-14, 2009.
Rotstein M, Harel S: Sydenham's chorea--an entity in progress. Isr Med Assoc J 6: 492-493, 2004.
Marques-Dias MJ, Mercadante MT, Tucker D, Lombroso P: Sydenham's chorea. Psychiatr Clin North Am 20: 809-820, 1997.
Moore DP: Neuropsychiatric aspects of Sydenham's chorea: a comprehensive review. J Clin Psychiatry 57: 407-414, 1996.
Swedo SE: Sydenham's chorea. A model for childhood autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders. JAMA 272: 1788-1791, 1994.

OVERVIEW ARTICLES ON POST-INFECTIOUS/AUTOMIMMUNE NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS AND BASAL GANGLIA ENCEPHALITIS

PANDAS/SYDENHAM CHOREA ANIMAL MODELS

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