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Cerebrospinal fluid levels of a hormone called vasopressin were lower in babies who went on to develop autism than in those who did not, a study found.

In a Stanford study of 30 children with autism, intranasal vasopressin improved social skills more than a placebo, suggesting that the hormone may treat core features of the disorder.

In the fluid around the brain, low levels of a hormone called vasopressin are linked to low social ability in monkeys and to autism in children, Stanford scientists have found.

Oxytocin, a substance involved in nurturing, sexual and pair-bonding behaviors, has also been implicated in overall sociability. A new Stanford study in mice describes the brain circuitry that’s involved.

Stanford researchers measured brain activity in PTSD patients before and after psychotherapy and found that they could predict how well patients would respond to treatment.

The brain hormone may help treat social impairments in children with autism whose baseline oxytocin levels are low before treatment, according to new Stanford findings.