Murine Physiology Resources

General References

  1. Bernstein D. Exercise assessment of transgenic models of human cardiovascular disease. Physiol Genomics 2003;13(3):217-26.
  2. Berul CI, Aronovitz MJ, Wang PJ, Mendelsohn ME. In vivo cardiac electrophysiology studies in the mouse. Circulation 1996;94(10):2641-8.
  3. Berul CI. Electrophysiological phenotyping in genetically engineered mice. Physiol Genomics 2003;13(3):207-16.
  4. Christensen G, Wang Y, Chien KR. Physiological assessment of complex cardiac phenotypes in genetically engineered mice. Am J Physiol 1997;272(6 Pt 2):H2513-24.
  5. Desai K, Sato R, Schauble E, Barsh G, Kobilka B, Bernstein D. Cardiovascular indexes in the mouse at rest and with exercise: new tools to study models of cardiac disease. Amer J Phsyiol 1997;272:H1053-1061.
  6. Doevendans PA, Daemen MJ, de Muinck ED, Smits JF. Cardiovascular phenotyping in mice. Cardiovasc Res 1998;39(1):34-49.
  7. Gardin J, Siri F, Kitsis R, Edwards J, Leinwand L. Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular mass and systolic function in mice. Circ Res 1995;76:907-914.
  8. Hoit B, Walsh RA. Cardiovascular Physiology in the Genetically Engineered Mouse. Norwell, MA: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 2002.
  9. Hoit BD, Khan ZU, Pawloski-Dahm CM, Walsh RA. In vivo determination of left ventricular wall stress-shortening relationship in normal mice. Am J Physiol 1997;272(2 Pt 2):H1047-52.
  10. Hoit BD. New approaches to phenotypic analysis in adult mice. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2001;33(1):27-35.
  11. Konhilas JP, Maass AH, Luckey SW, Stauffer BL, Olson EN, Leinwand LA. Sex modifies exercise and cardiac adaptation in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2004;287(6):H2768-76.
  12. Lin MC, Rockman HA, Chien KR. Heart and lung disease in engineered mice. Nat Med 1995;1(8):749-51.
  13. Powers J, Bernstein D. The mouse as a model of cardiovascular adaptations to microgravity. J Appl Physiol 2004;97(5):1686-92.
  14. Tanaka N, Dalton N, Mao L, Rockman HA, Peterson KL, Gottshall KR, et al. Transthoracic echocardiography in models of cardiac disease in the mouse. Circulation 1996;94(5):1109-17.

Murine Exercise Physiology

  1. Fewell JG, Osinska H, Klevitsky R, Ng W, Sfyris G, Bahrehmand F, et al. A treadmill exercise regimen for identifying cardiovascular phenotypes in transgenic mice. Am J Physiol 1997;273(3 Pt 2):H1595-605.
  2. Hunter JJ, Tanaka N, Rockman HA, Ross J, Jr., Chien KR. Ventricular expression of a MLC-2v-ras fusion gene induces cardiac hypertrophy and selective diastolic dysfunction in transgenic mice. J Biol Chem 1995;270(39):23173-8.
  3. Iemitsu M, Maeda S, Miyauchi T, Matsuda M, Tanaka H. Gene expression profiling of exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Acta Physiol Scand 2005;185(4):259-70.
  4. Ji LL, Mitchell EW. Effects of Adriamycin on heart mitochondrial function in rested and exercised rats. Biochem Pharmacol 1994;47(5):877-85.
  5. Kainulainen H, Ahomaki E, Vihko V. Selected enzyme activities in mouse cardiac muscle during training and terminated training. Basic Res Cardiol 1984;79(1):110-23.
  6. Kanter MM, Hamlin RL, Unverferth DV, Davis HW, Merola AJ. Effect of exercise training on antioxidant enzymes and cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin. J Appl Physiol 1985;59(4):1298-303.
  7. Kemi OJ, Loennechen JP, Wisloff U, Ellingsen O. Intensity-controlled treadmill running in mice: cardiac and skeletal muscle hypertrophy. J Appl Physiol 2002;93(4):1301-9.
  8. Kiel RJ, Smith FE, Chason J, Khatib R, Reyes MP. Coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis in C3H/HeJ mice: description of an inbred model and the effect of exercise on virulence. Eur J Epidemiol 1989;5(3):348-50.
  9. Koch W, Milano C, Lefkowitz R. Transgenic manipulation of myocardial G protein-coupled receptors and receptor kinases. Circ Res 1996;78:511-516.
  10. Koch W, Rockman H, Samama P, Hamilton R, Bond R, Milano C, et al. Cardiac function in mice overexpressing the ß-adrenergic receptor kinase or a ßARK inhibitor. Science 1995;268:1350-1353.
  11. Konhilas JP, Watson PA, Maass A, Boucek DM, Horn T, Stauffer BL, et al. Exercise can prevent and reverse the severity of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circ Res 2006;98(4):540-8.
  12. Leeuwenburgh C, Leichtweis S, Hollander J, Fiebig R, Gore M, Ji LL. Effect of acute exercise on glutathione deficient heart. Mol Cell Biochem 1996;156(1):17-24.
  13. Lembo G, Rockman HA, Hunter JJ, Steinmetz H, Koch WJ, Ma L, et al. Elevated blood pressure and enhanced myocardial contractility in mice with severe IGF-1 deficiency. J Clin Invest 1996;98(11):2648-55.
  14. Maxwell AJ, Schauble E, Bernstein D, Cooke JP. Limb blood flow during exercise is dependent on nitric oxide. Circulation 1998;98(4):369-74.
  15. Milano C, Allen L, Rockman H, Dolber P, McMinn T, Chien K, et al. Enhanced myocardial function in transgenic mice overexpressing the ß2-adrenergic receptor. Science 1994;264:582-586.
  16. Milano CA, Allen LF, Rockman HA, Dolber PC, McMinn TR, Chien KR, et al. Enhanced myocardial function in transgenic mice overexpressing the beta 2-adrenergic receptor [see comments]. Science 1994;264(5158):582-6.
  17. Momken I, Lechene P, Koulmann N, Fortin D, Mateo P, Doan BT, et al. Impaired voluntary running capacity of creatine kinase-deficient mice. J Physiol 2005;565(Pt 3):951-64.
  18. Musi N, Hirshman MF, Arad M, Xing Y, Fujii N, Pomerleau J, et al. Functional role of AMP-activated protein kinase in the heart during exercise. FEBS Lett 2005;579(10):2045-50.
  19. Nakamura A, Yoshida K, Ueda H, Takeda S, Ikeda S. Up-regulation of mitogen activated protein kinases in mdx skeletal muscle following chronic treadmill exercise. Biochim Biophys Acta 2005;1740(3):326-31.
  20. Nico PB, Lobao-Soares B, Landemberger MC, Marques W, Jr., Tasca CI, de Mello CF, et al. Impaired exercise capacity, but unaltered mitochondrial respiration in skeletal or cardiac muscle of mice lacking cellular prion protein. Neurosci Lett 2005;388(1):21-6.
  21. Niebauer J, Maxwell AJ, Lin PS, Tsao PS, Kosek J, Bernstein D, et al. Impaired aerobic capacity in hypercholesterolemic mice: partial reversal by exercise training. Am J Physiol 1999;276(4 Pt 2):H1346-54.
  22. Niebauer J, Maxwell AJ, Lin PS, Tsao PS, Kosek J, Bernstein D, et al. Impaired aerobic capacity in hypercholesterolemic mice: partial reversal by exercise training. Am J Physiol 1999;276(4 Pt 2):H1346-54.
  23. Port JD, Bristow MR. beta-Adrenergic receptors, transgenic mice, and pharmacological model systems. Mol Pharmacol 2001;60(4):629-31.
  24. Rockman HA, Chien KR, Choi DJ, Iaccarino G, Hunter JJ, Ross J, Jr., et al. Expression of a beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 inhibitor prevents the development of myocardial failure in gene-targeted mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998;95(12):7000-7005.
  25. Rockman HA, Chien KR, Choi DJ, Iaccarino G, Hunter JJ, Ross J, Jr., et al. Expression of a beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 inhibitor prevents the development of myocardial failure in gene-targeted mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998;95(12):7000-7005.
  26. Rockman HA, Chien KR, Choi DJ, Iaccarino G, Hunter JJ, Ross J, Jr., et al. Expression of a beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 inhibitor prevents the development of myocardial failure in gene-targeted mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998;95(12):7000-7005.
  27. Rockman HA, Koch WJ, Lefkowitz RJ. Cardiac function in genetically engineered mice with altered adrenergic receptor signaling. Am J Physiol 1997;272(4 Pt 2):H1553-9.
  28. Rohrer DK, Chruscinski A, Schauble EH, Bernstein D, Kobilka BK. Cardiovascular and metabolic alterations in mice lacking both beta1- and beta2-adrenergic receptors. J Biol Chem 1999;274(24):16701-16708.
  29. Rosa EF, Silva AC, Ihara SS, Mora OA, Aboulafia J, Nouailhetas VL. Habitual exercise program protects murine intestinal, skeletal, and cardiac muscles against aging. J Appl Physiol 2005;99(4):1569-75.
  30. Salminen A, Vihko V. Proteolytic capacity in mouse cardiac muscle following strenuous exercise. Experientia 1981;37(3):226-7.
  31. Samorajski T, Rolsten C, Przykorska A, Davis CM. Voluntary wheel running exercise and monoamine levels in brain, heart and adrenal glands of aging mice. Exp Gerontol 1987;22(6):421-31.
  32. Spencer KT, Collins K, Korcarz C, Fentzke R, Lang RM, Leiden JM. Effects of exercise training on LV performance and mortality in a murine model of dilated cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2000;279(1):H210-5.
  33. Suvorava T, Lauer N, Kojda G. Physical inactivity causes endothelial dysfunction in healthy young mice. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004;44(6):1320-7.
  34. Tilles JG, Elson SH, Shaka JA, Abelmann WH, Lerner AM, Finland M. Effects of Exercise on Coxsackie A9 Myocarditis in Adult Mice. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1964;117:777-82.
  35. Vikstrom K, Weinberger H, Hoover E, Port D, Knudson O, Vadles-Cruz L, et al. Alterations in ß-adrenergic receptor density precede the development of LV systolic dysfunction in a transgenic mouse model of cardiomyopathy. Circulation 1997;96:I-570.
  36. Welle S, Glueck SB. In for the long run: focus on "Lifelong voluntary exercise in the mouse prevents age-related alterations in gene expression in the heart". Physiol Genomics 2003;12(2):71-2.
  37. Wisloff U, Loennechen JP, Falck G, Beisvag V, Currie S, Smith G, et al. Increased contractility and calcium sensitivity in cardiac myocytes isolated from endurance trained rats. Cardiovasc Res 2001;50(3):495-508.

Murine Echocardiography

  1. Coatney RW. Ultrasound imaging: principles and applications in rodent research. Ilar J 2001;42(3):233-47.
  2. Collins KA, Korcarz CE, Lang RM. Use of echocardiography for the phenotypic assessment of genetically altered mice. Physiol Genomics 2003;13(3):227-39.
  3. Denvir MA, Sharif I, Anderson T, Webb DJ, Gray GA, McDicken WN. Influence of scanning frequency and ultrasonic contrast agent on reproducibility of left ventricular measurements in the mouse. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005;18(2):155-62.
  4. Finsen AV, Christensen G, Sjaastad I. Echocardiographic parameters discriminating myocardial infarction with pulmonary congestion from myocardial infarction without congestion in the mouse. J Appl Physiol 2005;98(2):680-9.
  5. Frantz S, Brandes RP, Hu K, Rammelt K, Wolf J, Scheuermann H, et al. Left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in mice with targeted deletion of the NADPH oxidase subunit gp91PHOX. Basic Res Cardiol 2006;101(2):127-32.
  6. Helisch A, Wagner S, Khan N, Drinane M, Wolfram S, Heil M, et al. Impact of mouse strain differences in innate hindlimb collateral vasculature. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2006;26(3):520-6.
  7. Hoit BD, Khan ZU, Pawloski-Dahm CM, Walsh RA. In vivo determination of left ventricular wall stress-shortening relationship in normal mice. Am J Physiol 1997;272(2 Pt 2):H1047-52.
  8. Kawahara Y, Tanonaka K, Daicho T, Nawa M, Oikawa R, Nasa Y, et al. Preferable anesthetic conditions for echocardiographic determination of murine cardiac function. J Pharmacol Sci 2005;99(1):95-104.
  9. Kulandavelu S, Qu D, Sunn N, Mu J, Rennie MY, Whiteley KJ, et al. Embryonic and neonatal phenotyping of genetically engineered mice. Ilar J 2006;47(2):103-17.
  10. Kumar D, Hacker TA, Buck J, Whitesell LF, Kaji EH, Douglas PS, et al. Distinct mouse coronary anatomy and myocardial infarction consequent to ligation. Coron Artery Dis 2005;16(1):41-4.
  11. Matoba S, Hwang PM, Nguyen T, Shizukuda Y. Evaluation of pulsed Doppler tissue velocity imaging for assessing systolic function of murine global heart failure. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005;18(2):148-54.
  12. Neilan TG, Jassal DS, Perez-Sanz TM, Raher MJ, Pradhan AD, Buys ES, et al. Tissue Doppler imaging predicts left ventricular dysfunction and mortality in a murine model of cardiac injury. Eur Heart J 2006;27(15):1868-75.
  13. Phoon CK, Turnbull DH. Ultrasound biomicroscopy-Doppler in mouse cardiovascular development. Physiol Genomics 2003;14(1):3-15.
  14. Reddy AK, Jones AD, Martono C, Caro WA, Madala S, Hartley CJ. Pulsed Doppler signal processing for use in mice: design and evaluation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2005;52(10):1764-70.
  15. Reddy AK, Taffet GE, Li YH, Lim SW, Pham TT, Pocius JS, et al. Pulsed Doppler signal processing for use in mice: applications. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2005;52(10):1771-83.
  16. Schaefer A, Klein G, Brand B, Lippolt P, Drexler H, Meyer GP. Evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by pulsed Doppler tissue imaging in mice. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2003;16(11):1144-9.
  17. Schaefer A, Meyer GP, Brand B, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Drexler H, Klein G. Effects of anesthesia on diastolic function in mice assessed by echocardiography. Echocardiography 2005;22(8):665-70.
  18. Schaefer A, Meyer GP, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Brand B, Drexler H, Klein G. Evaluation of Tissue Doppler Tei index for global left ventricular function in mice after myocardial infarction: comparison with Pulsed Doppler Tei index. Eur J Echocardiogr 2005;6(5):367-75.
  19. Schaefer A, Meyer GP, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Brand B, Drexler H, Klein G. Evaluation of Tissue Doppler Tei index for global left ventricular function in mice after myocardial infarction: comparison with Pulsed Doppler Tei index. Eur J Echocardiogr 2005;6(5):367-75.
  20. Scherrer-Crosbie M. Role of echocardiography in studies of murine models of cardiac diseases. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 2006;99(3):237-41.
  21. Sebag IA, Handschumacher MD, Ichinose F, Morgan JG, Hataishi R, Rodrigues AC, et al. Quantitative assessment of regional myocardial function in mice by tissue Doppler imaging: comparison with hemodynamics and sonomicrometry. Circulation 2005;111(20):2611-6.
  22. Springer ML, Sievers RE, Viswanathan MN, Yee MS, Foster E, Grossman W, et al. Closed-chest cell injections into mouse myocardium guided by high-resolution echocardiography. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005;289(3):H1307-14.
  23. Syed F, Diwan A, Hahn HS. Murine echocardiography: a practical approach for phenotyping genetically manipulated and surgically modeled mice. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005;18(9):982-90.
  24. Tanaka N, Dalton N, Mao L, Rockman HA, Peterson KL, Gottshall KR, et al. Transthoracic echocardiography in models of cardiac disease in the mouse. Circulation 1996;94(5):1109-17.
  25. Tsujita Y, Kato T, Sussman MA. Evaluation of left ventricular function in cardiomyopathic mice by tissue Doppler and color M-mode Doppler echocardiography. Echocardiography 2005;22(3):245-53.
  26. Wikstrom J, Gronros J, Bergstrom G, Gan LM. Functional and morphologic imaging of coronary atherosclerosis in living mice using high-resolution color Doppler echocardiography and ultrasound biomicroscopy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005;46(4):720-7.

Pressure-Volume Loops/End-Systolic Elastance/Conductance Catheter Techniques

  1. Ashley EA, Powers J, Chen M, Kundu R, Finsterbach T, Caffarelli A, et al. The endogenous peptide apelin potently improves cardiac contractility and reduces cardiac loading in vivo. Cardiovasc Res 2005;65(1):73-82.
  2. Bale TL, Hoshijima M, Gu Y, Dalton N, Anderson KR, Lee KF, et al. The cardiovascular physiologic actions of urocortin II: acute effects in murine heart failure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101(10):3697-702.
  3. Eucker SA, Lisauskas J, Courtois MR, Kovacs SJ. Analysis of left ventricular hemodynamics in physiological hyperspace. J Appl Physiol 2002;92(1):323-30.
  4. Georgakopoulos D, Mitzner WA, Chen CH, Byrne BJ, Millar HD, Hare JM, et al. In vivo murine left ventricular pressure-volume relations by miniaturized conductance micromanometry. Am J Physiol 1998;274(4 Pt 2):H1416-22.
  5. Gross V, Walther T, Milia AF, Walter K, Schneider W, Luft FC. Left ventricular function in mice lacking the AT2 receptor. J Hypertens 2001;19(5):967-76.
  6. Jung AS, Harrison R, Lee KH, Genut J, Nyhan D, Brooks-Asplund EM, et al. Simulated microgravity produces attenuated baroreflex-mediated pressor, chronotropic, and inotropic responses in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005;289(2):H600-7.
  7. MacGowan GA, Rager J, Shroff SG, Mathier MA. In vivo alpha-adrenergic responses and troponin I phosphorylation: anesthesia interactions. J Appl Physiol 2005;98(4):1163-70.
  8. Reyes M, Freeman GL, Escobedo D, Lee S, Steinhelper ME, Feldman MD. Enhancement of contractility with sustained afterload in the intact murine heart: blunting of length-dependent activation. Circulation 2003;107(23):2962-8.
  9. Segers P, Georgakopoulos D, Afanasyeva M, Champion HC, Judge DP, Millar HD, et al. Conductance catheter-based assessment of arterial input impedance, arterial function, and ventricular-vascular interaction in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005;288(3):H1157-64.
  10. Shi J, Larson DF, Yang B, Hunter K, Gorman M, Montes S, et al. Differential effects of acute ethanol treatment on cardiac contractile function in young adult and senescent mice. Alcohol 2001;24(3):197-204.
  11. Takaki M. Left ventricular mechanoenergetics in small animals. Jpn J Physiol 2004;54(3):175-207.
  12. Yang B, Larson DF, Watson R. Age-related left ventricular function in the mouse: analysis based on in vivo pressure-volume relationships. Am J Physiol 1999;277(5 Pt 2):H1906-13.
  13. Yu Q, Larson DF, Slayback D, Lundeen TF, Baxter JH, Watson RR. Characterization of high-salt and high-fat diets on cardiac and vascular function in mice. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2004;4(1):37-46.

Murine Electrophysiology

  1. Arad M, Moskowitz IP, Patel VV, Ahmad F, Perez-Atayde AR, Sawyer DB, et al. Transgenic mice overexpressing mutant PRKAG2 define the cause of Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome in glycogen storage cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2003;107(22):2850-6.
  2. Berul CI, Aronovitz MJ, Wang PJ, Mendelsohn ME. In vivo cardiac electrophysiology studies in the mouse. Circulation 1996;94(10):2641-8.
  3. Berul CI, Maguire CT, Gehrmann J, Reddy S. Progressive atrioventricular conduction block in a mouse myotonic dystrophy model. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2000;4(2):351-8.
  4. Berul CI. Electrophysiological phenotyping in genetically engineered mice. Physiol Genomics 2003;13(3):207-16.
  5. Bevilacqua LM, Maguire CT, Seidman JG, Seidman CE, Berul CI. QT dispersion in alpha-myosin heavy-chain familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mice. Pediatr Res 1999;45(5 Pt 1):643-7.
  6. Donoghue M, Wakimoto H, Maguire CT, Acton S, Hales P, Stagliano N, et al. Heart block, ventricular tachycardia, and sudden death in ACE2 transgenic mice with downregulated connexins. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2003;35(9):1043-53.
  7. Ecker PM, Lin CC, Powers J, Kobilka BK, Dubin AM, Bernstein D. Effect of targeted deletions of beta1- and beta2-adrenergic-receptor subtypes on heart rate variability. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006;290(1):H192-9.
  8. Gehrmann J, Berul CI. Cardiac electrophysiology in genetically engineered mice. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2000;11(3):354-68.
  9. Gehrmann J, Frantz S, Maguire CT, Vargas M, Ducharme A, Wakimoto H, et al. Electrophysiological characterization of murine myocardial ischemia and infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2001;96(3):237-50.
  10. Gehrmann J, Hammer PE, Maguire CT, Wakimoto H, Triedman JK, Berul CI. Phenotypic screening for heart rate variability in the mouse. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2000;279(2):H733-40.
  11. Jay PY, Harris BS, Buerger A, Rozhitskaya O, Maguire CT, Barbosky LA, et al. Function follows form: cardiac conduction system defects in Nkx2-5 mutation. Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol 2004;280(2):966-72.
  12. Jay PY, Maguire CT, Wakimoto H, Izumo S, Berul CI. Absence of Msx2 does not affect cardiac conduction or rescue conduction defects associated with Nkx2-5 mutation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2005;16(1):82-5.
  13. Kasahara H, Wakimoto H, Liu M, Maguire CT, Converso KL, Shioi T, et al. Progressive atrioventricular conduction defects and heart failure in mice expressing a mutant Csx/Nkx2.5 homeoprotein. J Clin Invest 2001;108(2):189-201.
  14. Maguire CT, Bevilacqua LM, Wakimoto H, Gehrmann J, Berul CI. Maturational atrioventricular nodal physiology in the mouse. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2000;11(5):557-64.
  15. O'Brien SE, Apkon M, Berul CI, Patel HT, Saupe K, Spindler M, et al. Phenotypical features of long Q-T syndrome in transgenic mice expressing human Na-K-ATPase alpha(3)-isoform in hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2000;279(5):H2133-42.
  16. Patel VV, Arad M, Moskowitz IP, Maguire CT, Branco D, Seidman JG, et al. Electrophysiologic characterization and postnatal development of ventricular pre-excitation in a mouse model of cardiac hypertrophy and Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003;42(5):942-51.
  17. Saba S, Vanderbrink BA, Luciano B, Aronovitz MJ, Berul CI, Reddy S, et al. Localization of the sites of conduction abnormalities in a mouse model of myotonic dystrophy. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1999;10(9):1214-20.
  18. Tanaka M, Berul CI, Ishii M, Jay PY, Wakimoto H, Douglas P, et al. A mouse model of congenital heart disease: cardiac arrhythmias and atrial septal defect caused by haploinsufficiency of the cardiac transcription factor Csx/Nkx2.5. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 2002;67:317-25.
  19. Wakimoto H, Kasahara H, Maguire CT, Moskowitz IP, Izumo S, Berul CI. Cardiac electrophysiological phenotypes in postnatal expression of Nkx2.5 transgenic mice. Genesis 2003;37(3):144-50.
  20. Wakimoto H, Maguire CT, Kovoor P, Hammer PE, Gehrmann J, Triedman JK, et al. Induction of atrial tachycardia and fibrillation in the mouse heart. Cardiovasc Res 2001;50(3):463-73.
  21. Wakimoto H, Maguire CT, Sherwood MC, Vargas MM, Sarkar PS, Han J, et al. Characterization of cardiac conduction system abnormalities in mice with targeted disruption of Six5 gene. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2002;7(2):127-35.

Murine Models of Heart Failure

  1. Allen DL, Harrison BC, Maass A, Bell ML, Byrnes WC, Leinwand LA. Cardiac and skeletal muscle adaptations to voluntary wheel running in the mouse. J Appl Physiol 2001;90(5):1900-8.
  2. Arber S, Hunter J, Ross J, Hongo M, Sansig G, Borg J, et al. MLP-deficient mice exhibit a disruption of cardiac cytoarchitectural organization, dilated cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. Cell 1997;88:393-403.
  3. Bernstein D, Fajardo G, Zhao M, Urashima T, Powers J, Berry G, et al. Differential cardioprotective/cardiotoxic effects mediated by beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2005;289(6):H2441-9.
  4. Bisognano JD, Weinberger HD, Bohlmeyer TJ, Pende A, Raynolds MV, Sastravaha A, et al. Myocardial-directed overexpression of the human ß1-adrenergic receptor in transgenic mice. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 2000;32:817-830.
  5. Bulbulian R, Grunewald KK, Haack RR. Effect of exercise duration on feed intake and body composition of Swiss albino mice. J Appl Physiol 1985;58(2):500-5.
  6. Coleman R, Weiss A, Finkelbrand S, Silbermann M. Age and exercise-related changes in myocardial mitochondria in mice. Acta Histochem 1988;83(1):81-90.
  7. Evangelista FS, Brum PC, Krieger JE. Duration-controlled swimming exercise training induces cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Braz J Med Biol Res 2003;36(12):1751-9.

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