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What is LASIK?

LASIK, or Laser in-situ Keratomileusis, involves the making of a thin circular flap with an instrument called a microkeratome. This is a precise instrument that creates a thin, corneal flap with a hinge on one side of the cornea. Once the flap is made and folded back, laser ablation is then performed in the deeper layers of the cornea. The flap is then carefully placed back in its original position without the need for sutures.

The procedure is usually painless. Patients typically have minimal to no postoperative discomfort and have a low risk of developing corneal scarring/haze. The treatment allows for fast rehabilitation with rapid return of clear vision. Studies have shown that 97% of patients see 20/40 or better on the first post-operative day. The main risk is related to the creation of the corneal flap, but in expert hands, the risk is only 1-2%.

 

LASIK treatment steps

Step 1: Flap creation

The eye is anesthetized with special drops. Femtosecond laser pulses are used to create a flap on the surface of the cornea.

Step 2: Flap is folded back

The prepared flap is folded back like the page of a book, exposing the inner corneal tissue to be treated.

Step 3: Corneal sculpting

The excimer laser removes the corneal tissue point by point within a few seconds, thereby correcting the visual defect.

Step 4: Flap is repositioned

Then, the flap is returned to its original position, protecting the eye much like a natural bandage.