Cocoa Flavanols for Modulating Immune Response and Accelerating Recovery

Inclusion Criteria:

   1. 18 - 90 years of age

   2. Male or female

   3. Planning to undergo total hip or knee arthroplasty, either primary or revision

   4. Fluent in English

   5. Willing and able to sign an informed consent form and HIPAA authorization and to
   comply with study procedures

Exclusion Criteria:

   1. Infectious disease within the last month

   2. Immune-suppressant therapy within the last 2 months (e.g., azathioprine or
   cyclosporine)

   3. Chronic medication with potential immune-modulatory effects (e.g., daily oral
   morphine-equivalent intake > 30 mg)

   4. Major surgery within the last 3 months or minor surgery within the last month.

   5. History of substance abuse (e.g., alcoholism, drug dependency)

   6. Pregnancy

   7. Autoimmune disease interfering with data interpretation (e.g. lupus)

   8. Renal, hepatic, cardiovascular, or respiratory diseases resulting in clinically
   relevant impaired function

   9. Active malignancy

10. Participation in another clinical trial of an investigational drug or device within
   the last month that, in the investigator's opinion, would create an increased risk to
   the participant or compromise the integrity of the study

11. Other conditions compromising a participant's safety or the integrity of the study

12. Allergy to active ingredient of CocoaVia®, the study intervention.

13. Frequent consumption of dark chocolate and flavanol containing foods (e.g. black tea,
   red wine, apples)