Stanford School of Medicine
Medicine

Department: Medicine

Division: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

  • Academic Appointments
    • Associate Professor - Med Center Line, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Pulmonary Disease
    • Pulmonology (Lung) and Critical Care
    Research Interest

    Dr. Chitkara's research focuses principally on the evaluation of positron emission tomography (PET) in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. This includes the outcomes of patients five years after PET, and transbronchial needle aspiration and PET. He also conducts clinical trials related to the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and interstitial lung disease.

  • Academic Appointments
    • Instructor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Pulmonary Disease
    • Pulmonary Hypertension
    Research Interest

    My work is aimed at understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). I am interested in understanding the role that the BMP and Wnt pathways play in regulating functions of pulmonary endothelial and smooth muscle cells both in health and disease.

  • Academic Appointments
    • Instructor, Biochemistry
    • Instructor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Pulmonary Critical Care
    • Pulmonary Disease
    Research Interest

    I am studying lung development, in particular the regulation of alveolar epithelial type I and II cell differentiation.

  • Academic Appointments
    • Assistant Professor - Med Center Line, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Lung and Heart-Lung Transplantation
    • Critical Care Medicine
    • Pulmonary Disease
    Research Interest

    1. Use of an administrative database (UNOS) to study lung transplant outcomes. 2. Expression of the plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) 1 antibody in peripheral blood after lung transplantation and its association with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (chronic rejection). 3. Impact of airway hypoxia, due to lack of bronchial circulation, on long-term lung transplant outcomes. 4. CMV specific T-cell immunity in lung transplant recipients and its impact on acute rejection.

  • Academic Appointments
    • Associate Professor - Med Center Line, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    • Associate Professor - Med Center Line (By courtesy), Pediatrics
    Clinical Focus
    • Heart and Lung Transplantation
    • Pulmonary Disease
    Research Interest

    Management of advanced lung disease Lung and heart-lung transplantation Pulmonary hypertension

  • Academic Appointments
    • Instructor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Research Interest

    Having a background in epidemiology, I am interested in translational research. I am currently working to develop a new magnetic based microarray system to detect fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. If successful this research may extend to the development of a point of care device that could detect fungal, bacterial and viral infections rapidly and accurately

  • Academic Appointments
    • Associate Professor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Pulmonary Disease
    • Pulmonology (Lung) and Critical Care
    Research Interest

    Our research program has several active projects: 1.) Pulmonary Vascular Disease – Simvastatin reversed experimental pulmonary hypertension, and is safe for treatment of patients. Blinded clinical trials of efficacy are in progress. 2.) Lung inflammation and regeneration (stem cells) 3.) Lung surfactant rheology and oxidative stress 4.) Gene regulation by RNA binding proteins, NF45 and NF90 through transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms

  • Academic Appointments
    • Instructor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Pulmonary Disease
    • Critical Care
    Research Interest

    Dr. Khazeni's research interests include international health policy, pulmonary infectious diseases, and strategic planning for global health catastrophes. She is currently working with colleagues in the Center for Health Policy / Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Management Science and Engineering, and the U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention to examine and design international pandemic influenza mitigation strategies.

  • Academic Appointments
    • Clinical Instructor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Research Interest

    Drugs and toxins-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension, clinical outcomes research, acute kidney injury in pulmonary arterial hypertension

  • Academic Appointments
    • Associate Professor - Med Center Line, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Research Interest

    Occupational and environmental lung disease; air pollution; worker safety; pulmonary toxicology

  • Academic Appointments
    • Instructor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Critical Care
    • Pulmonary Critical Care
    Research Interest

    My research focuses on the physiolgogic and biomarker characteristics of early acute lung injury (ALI) prior to need for mechanical ventilation. While, to date no pharmacologic treatment has improved survival in ALI, following the paradigm of early goal directed therapy for severe sepsis, clinical benefit may derive from identifying patients and initiating treatment prior to the need for positive pressure ventilation (and therefore prior to meeting current study entry criteria).

  • Academic Appointments
    • Instructor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
  • Academic Appointments
    • Clinical Assistant Professor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Pulmonary Critical Care
    • Pulmonary Disease
  • Academic Appointments
    • Associate Professor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Pulmonary Critical Care
    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Lung Transplantation
    Research Interest

    Our lab focuses primarily on the contribution of the immune response to lung disease. We are specifically examining the contribution of inflammation to the development of pulmonary hypertension. We also study how airway remodeling occurs in transplantation with specific respect to the microvascular circulation and to the initiation of fibroproliferation.

  • Academic Appointments
    • Clinical Instructor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Pulmonary Critical Care
    • Pulmonary Disease
  • Academic Appointments
    • Emeritus (Active) Professor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Research Interest

    Dr. Raffin is a clinician, teacher and investigator. He retired as Chief of the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine in 2004. His key areas of academic interest include the biology and management of acute lung injury; basic biology of human lung and white cells; and, key issues in biomedical ethics including withholding and withdrawing life support, health care delivery, genomics, genetic screening, and neuroethics.

  • Academic Appointments
    • Professor - Med Center Line, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Critical Care Medicine
    • Pulmonology (Lung) and Critical Care
    Research Interest

    I am interested in the prevention and control of critical care-related illnesses and complications, including ventilator-associated pneumonia, spread of nosocomial infections, and prognosis of multiple organ system failure in intensive care units. Infections and complications of therapy in immunocompromised hosts, including effects of chemotherapy and hematopoetic stem cell transplants is another interest.

  • Academic Appointments
    • Associate Professor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    • Member, Bio-X
    • Member, Cancer Center
    Clinical Focus
    • Pulmonary Disease
    • Pulmonology (Lung) and Critical Care
    Research Interest

    Our laboratory examines apoptotic and cell cycle pathways in cancer and lung disease. We have identified a novel cell cycle protein which regulates cell cycle progression in immune cells and the lung. We are also studying signaling pathways that regulate cancer cell growth and metastasis.

  • Academic Appointments
    • Associate Professor - Med Center Line, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Critical Care Medicine
    • Pulmonary Disease
    • Pulmonology (Lung) and Critical Care
    Research Interest

    We have an active collaborative project examining basic and clinical aspects of non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung infection in non-immune compromised adults. Studies have examined possible cellular immune mechanisms for increased susceptibility to these infections, and are also investigating aspects of optimal diagnosis and treatment. In addition, a clinical and translational research program is investigating the causes and genetic factors underlying the evolution of bronchiectasis.

  • Academic Appointments
    • Instructor, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
  • Academic Appointments
    • Assistant Professor - Med Center Line, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Lung Cancer, Solitary Pulmonary Nodule
    • Asthma, Adult
    • Pulmonology (Lung) and Critical Care
    Research Interest

    Dr. Upadhyay examines the molecular link between ‘Airway Inflammation and Lung Cancer’. We study nicotine stimulation-induced genes that cause escape from oxidative stress mediated Lung Senescence and development of lung cancer and cancer stem cells, and utilizes microRNA analysis for early diagnose of lung cancer in COPD/ smokers. By using exhaled breath condensates and human airway tissue, we examine the genes regulating airway inflammation in a complex duo of ‘Asthma and obesity’.

  • Academic Appointments
    • Associate Professor - Med Center Line, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Pulmonary Critical Care
    • Pulmonary Disease
  • Academic Appointments
    • Associate Professor - Med Center Line, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Critical Care Medicine
    • Pulmonary Disease
    • Pulmonology (Lung) and Critical Care
    Research Interest

    Dr. Weinacker's research interests center around ICU outcomes. Her specific interests include venous thromboembolism, acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, and the use of echocardiography in the ICU. In addition to ongoing research in each of these areas, Dr. Weinacker teaches a course with Dr. David Liang (cardiology) on the use of portable echocardiography to evaluate hemodynamic instability in critically ill patients.

  • Academic Appointments
    • Assistant Professor - Med Center Line, Medicine - Pulmonary & Critical Care Med
    Clinical Focus
    • Pulmonary Hypertension
    • Pulmonology (Lung) and Critical Care
    • Pulmonary Medicine
    Research Interest

    1. The Utility of S100A4/Mts1 as a Biomarker in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). 2. Prevalence and Treatment of Insulin Resistance in PAH. 3. The Effect of EGF-Receptor Blockade and Elastase Inhibitor on Pulmonary Arteries of Patients with PAH. 4. Characterization of Pulmonary Arteries in Patients with Idiopathic and Secondary PAH by Wedge Angiography. 5. The Optimal Angle for Angiographic Evaluation of the Left Pulmonary Artery in Patients with PAH.

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