Michael Cleary

Administrative Appointments

• Associate Chair for Experimental Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine - Pathology , (2004– present )
• Director of Pediatric Cancer Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine - Pediatrics , (2002– present )

Professional Education

• B.A., The College of Wooster Chemistry (1974)
• M.S., The University of South Carolina Chemistry (1976)
• M.D., The University of Cincinnati Medicine (1981)

Postdoctoral Advisees

• Pei-Yun Chang, Jue Feng, Alicia Klatt, Christina Matheny, Hon Kit Wong, Li Zhu

Graduate & Fellowship Program Affiliations

• Cancer Biology
• Immunology
• Pathology

Web Site Links

• Cleary Lab home page

Industry Relationships

Stanford is committed to ethical and transparent interactions with our industry partners. It is our policy to disclose payments of $5,000 or more, equity valued at $5,000 or more in a publicly traded company, or any equity in a privately held company, to physicians and scientists employed by Stanford University from companies or other commercial entities with which they interact as part of their professional activities. 

• Equity: Applied Stem Cells, Inc.

Research Interests

Our research focuses on developmental pathways that regulate hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation and are disrupted in the course of neoplastic transformation, particularly in leukemias and lymphomas. We employ a variety of experimental systems for our studies ranging from molecular biology to transgenic and knockout mice. Our current interests are:

1) Characterize novel families of oncoproteins (Pbx and Meis) that dimerize with and regulate the DNA binding properties of Hox proteins. We are investigating how Pbx and Meis proteins contribute to the specificity of Hox function in development and how disruption of their activities leads to neoplasia.

2) We have discovered a group of oncoproteins that are implicated in long-term maintenance of gene expression through their effects on the state of chromatin. We are studying the role that normal chromatin structure plays in gene regulation in hematopoietic cells and how its disruption leads to altered development and cancer.

3) We are defining the properties of cancer stem cells that initiate and sustain the unique disease features of acute leukemias through the use of various adoptive animal models.

Our studies have demonstrated that several of the proteins encoded by cellular oncogenes function in fundamental aspects of gene regulation. These are frequently activated by fusion to other transcriptional proteins resulting in chimeric transcription factors. We are studying the effects and consequences of protein fusion on the transcriptional and transforming activities of these proteins using in vitro and animal models.

In addition to these basic issues concerning leukemia pathogenesis, we are devising new diagnostic procedures for detecting and monitoring leukemia patients based on molecular genetic abnormalities in the malignant cells.

Publications

• Pbx1 regulates self-renewal of long-term hematopoietic stem cells by maintaining their quiescence. Ficara F,  Murphy MJ, Lin M, Cleary ML.  Cell Stem Cell.  2008; 2 (5): 484-96
• Identification and characterization of leukemia stem cells in murine MLL-AF9 acute myeloid leukemia. Somervaille TC,  Cleary ML.  Cancer Cell.  2006; 10 (4): 257-68
• The menin tumor suppressor protein is an essential oncogenic cofactor for MLL-associated leukemogenesis. Yokoyama A,  Somervaille TC, Smith KS, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Meyerson M, Cleary ML.  Cell.  2005; 123 (2): 207-18
• Bmi-1 regulation of INK4A-ARF is a downstream requirement for transformation of hematopoietic progenitors by E2a-Pbx1. Smith KS,  Chanda SK, Lingbeek M, Ross DT, Botstein D, van Lohuizen M, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell.  2003; 12 (2): 393-400
• Menin critically links MLL proteins with LEDGF on cancer-associated target genes. Yokoyama A,  Cleary ML.  Cancer Cell.  2008; 14 (1): 36-46
• Pbx1 functions in distinct regulatory networks to pattern the great arteries and cardiac outflow tract. Chang CP,  Stankunas K, Shang C, Kao SC, Twu KY, Cleary ML.  Development.  2008; 135 (21): 3577-86
• A novel monoclonal antibody against DOG1 is a sensitive and specific marker for gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Espinosa I,  Lee CH, Kim MK, Rouse BT, Subramanian S, Montgomery K, Varma S, Corless CL, Heinrich MC, Smith KS, Wang Z, Rubin B, Nielsen TO, Seitz RS, Ross DT, West RB, Cleary ML, van de Rijn M.  Am J Surg Pathol.  2008; 32 (2): 210-8
• Pbx/Meis deficiencies demonstrate multigenetic origins of congenital heart disease. Stankunas K,  Shang C, Twu KY, Kao SC, Jenkins NA, Copeland NG, Sanyal M, Selleri L, Cleary ML, Chang CP.  Circ Res.  2008; 103 (7): 702-9
• Glycogen synthase kinase 3 in MLL leukaemia maintenance and targeted therapy. Wang Z,  Smith KS, Murphy M, Piloto O, Somervaille TC, Cleary ML.  Nature.  2008; 455 (7217): 1205-9
• B-cell development fails in the absence of the Pbx1 proto-oncogene. Sanyal M,  Tung JW, Karsunky H, Zeng H, Selleri L, Weissman IL, Herzenberg LA, Cleary ML.  Blood.  2007; 109 (10): 4191-9
• Meis1 is an essential and rate-limiting regulator of MLL leukemia stem cell potential. Wong P,  Iwasaki M, Somervaille TC, So CW, So CW, Cleary ML.  Genes Dev.  2007; 21 (21): 2762-74
• PU.1 and Junb: suppressing the formation of acute myeloid leukemia stem cells. Somervaille TC,  Cleary ML.  Cancer Cell.  2006; 10 (6): 456-7
• Leukemia proto-oncoprotein MLL forms a SET1-like histone methyltransferase complex with menin to regulate Hox gene expression. Yokoyama A,  Wang Z, Wysocka J, Sanyal M, Aufiero DJ, Kitabayashi I, Herr W, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  2004; 24 (13): 5639-49
• The TALE homeodomain protein Pbx2 is not essential for development and long-term survival. Selleri L,  DiMartino J, van Deursen J, Brendolan A, Sanyal M, Boon E, Capellini T, Smith KS, Rhee J, Pöpperl H, Grosveld G, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  2004; 24 (12): 5324-31
• Dimerization: a versatile switch for oncogenesis. So CW,  Cleary ML.  Blood.  2004; 104 (4): 919-22
• Leukemic transformation of hematopoietic progenitors by MLL-GAS7 in the absence of Hoxa7 or Hoxa9. So CW,  Karsunky H, Wong P, Weissman IL, Cleary ML.  Blood.  2004; 103 (8): 3192-9
• Binding to nonmethylated CpG DNA is essential for target recognition, transactivation, and myeloid transformation by an MLL oncoprotein. Ayton PM,  Chen EH, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  2004; 24 (23): 10470-8
• Pbx3 deficiency results in central hypoventilation. Rhee JW,  Arata A, Selleri L, Jacobs Y, Arata S, Onimaru H, Cleary ML.  Am J Pathol.  2004; 165 (4): 1343-50
• MLL-GAS7 transforms multipotent hematopoietic progenitors and induces mixed lineage leukemias in mice. So CW,  Karsunky H, Passegué E, Cozzio A, Weissman IL, Cleary ML.  Cancer Cell.  2003; 3 (2): 161-71
• Genomewide demarcation of RNA polymerase II transcription units revealed by physical fractionation of chromatin. Nagy PL,  Cleary ML, Brown PO, Lieb JD.  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.  2003; 100 (11): 6364-9
• Transformation of myeloid progenitors by MLL oncoproteins is dependent on Hoxa7 and Hoxa9. Ayton PM,  Cleary ML.  Genes Dev.  2003; 17 (18): 2298-307
• Common mechanism for oncogenic activation of MLL by forkhead family proteins. So CW,  Cleary ML.  Blood.  2003; 101 (2): 633-9
• Dimerization contributes to oncogenic activation of MLL chimeras in acute leukemias. So CW,  Lin M, Ayton PM, Chen EH, Cleary ML.  Cancer Cell.  2003; 4 (2): 99-110
• Pbx1 regulates nephrogenesis and ureteric branching in the developing kidney. Schnabel CA,  Godin RE, Cleary ML.  Dev Biol.  2003; 254 (2): 262-76
• Similar MLL-associated leukemias arising from self-renewing stem cells and short-lived myeloid progenitors. Cozzio A,  Passegué E, Ayton PM, Karsunky H, Cleary ML, Weissman IL.  Genes Dev.  2003; 17 (24): 3029-35
• Male infertility, impaired spermatogenesis, and azoospermia in mice deficient for the pseudophosphatase Sbf1. Firestein R,  Nagy PL, Daly M, Huie P, Conti M, Cleary ML.  J Clin Invest.  2002; 109 (9): 1165-72
• MLL-AFX requires the transcriptional effector domains of AFX to transform myeloid progenitors and transdominantly interfere with forkhead protein function. So CW,  Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  2002; 22 (18): 6542-52
• Transformation of bone marrow B-cell progenitors by E2a-Hlf requires coexpression of Bcl-2. Smith KS,  Rhee JW, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  2002; 22 (21): 7678-87
• Toxoplasma gondii asexual development: identification of developmentally regulated genes and distinct patterns of gene expression. Cleary MD,  Singh U, Blader IJ, Brewer JL, Boothroyd JC.  Eukaryot Cell.  2002; 1 (3): 329-40
• Associations between human disease genes and overlapping gene groups and multiple amino acid runs. Karlin S,  Chen C, Gentles AJ, Cleary M.  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.  2002; 99 (26): 17008-13
• The AF10 leucine zipper is required for leukemic transformation of myeloid progenitors by MLL-AF10. DiMartino JF,  Ayton PM, Chen EH, Naftzger CC, Young BD, Cleary ML.  Blood.  2002; 99 (10): 3780-5
• A trithorax-group complex purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for methylation of histone H3. Nagy PL,  Griesenbeck J, Kornberg RD, Cleary ML.  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.  2002; 99 (1): 90-4
• Pbx1 inactivation disrupts pancreas development and in Ipf1-deficient mice promotes diabetes mellitus. Kim SK,  Selleri L, Lee JS, Zhang AY, Gu X, Jacobs Y, Cleary ML.  Nat Genet.  2002; 30 (4): 430-5
• Progenetix.net: an online repository for molecular cytogenetic aberration data. Baudis M,  Cleary ML.  Bioinformatics.  2001; 17 (12): 1228-9
• Pseudo-phosphatase Sbf1 contains an N-terminal GEF homology domain that modulates its growth regulatory properties. Firestein R,  Cleary ML.  J Cell Sci.  2001; 114 (Pt 16): 2921-7
• Molecular mechanisms of leukemogenesis mediated by MLL fusion proteins. Ayton PM,  Cleary ML.  Oncogene.  2001; 20 (40): 5695-707
• Requirement for Pbx1 in skeletal patterning and programming chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation. Selleri L,  Depew MJ, Jacobs Y, Chanda SK, Tsang KY, Cheah KS, Rubenstein JL, O'Gorman S, Cleary ML.  Development.  2001; 128 (18): 3543-57
• The Hox cofactor and proto-oncogene Pbx1 is required for maintenance of definitive hematopoiesis in the fetal liver. DiMartino JF,  Selleri L, Traver D, Firpo MT, Rhee J, Warnke R, O'Gorman S, Weissman IL, Cleary ML.  Blood.  2001; 98 (3): 618-26
• Expression of Pbx1b during mammalian organogenesis. Schnabel CA,  Selleri L, Jacobs Y, Warnke R, Cleary ML.  Mech Dev.  2001; 100 (1): 131-5
• A carboxy-terminal domain of ELL is required and sufficient for immortalization of myeloid progenitors by MLL-ELL. DiMartino JF,  Miller T, Ayton PM, Landewe T, Hess JL, Cleary ML, Shilatifard A.  Blood.  2000; 96 (12): 3887-93
• Set domain-dependent regulation of transcriptional silencing and growth control by SUV39H1, a mammalian ortholog of Drosophila Su(var)3-9. Firestein R,  Cui X, Huie P, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  2000; 20 (13): 4900-9
• A carboxy-terminal deletion mutant of Notch1 accelerates lymphoid oncogenesis in E2A-PBX1 transgenic mice. Feldman BJ,  Hampton T, Cleary ML.  Blood.  2000; 96 (5): 1906-13
• HoxA9-mediated immortalization of myeloid progenitors requires functional interactions with TALE cofactors Pbx and Meis. Schnabel CA,  Jacobs Y, Cleary ML.  Oncogene.  2000; 19 (5): 608-16
• Disrupted differentiation and oncogenic transformation of lymphoid progenitors in E2A-HLF transgenic mice. Smith KS,  Rhee JW, Naumovski L, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  1999; 19 (6): 4443-51
• Mll rearrangements in haematological malignancies: lessons from clinical and biological studies. Dimartino JF,  Cleary ML.  Br J Haematol.  1999; 106 (3): 614-26
• Trimeric association of Hox and TALE homeodomain proteins mediates Hoxb2 hindbrain enhancer activity. Jacobs Y,  Schnabel CA, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  1999; 19 (7): 5134-42
• Association of SET domain and myotubularin-related proteins modulates growth control. Cui X,  De Vivo I, Slany R, Miyamoto A, Firestein R, Cleary ML.  Nat Genet.  1998; 18 (4): 331-7
• The oncogenic capacity of HRX-ENL requires the transcriptional transactivation activity of ENL and the DNA binding motifs of HRX. Slany RK,  Lavau C, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  1998; 18 (1): 122-9
• Growth stimulation of primary B cell precursors by the anti-phosphatase Sbf1. De Vivo I,  Cui X, Domen J, Cleary ML.  Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.  1998; 95 (16): 9471-6
• Disruption of a homolog of trithorax by 11q23 translocations: leukemogenic and transcriptional implications. Waring PM,  Cleary ML.  Curr Top Microbiol Immunol.  1997; 220 1-23
• Pim1 cooperates with E2a-Pbx1 to facilitate the progression of thymic lymphomas in transgenic mice. Feldman BJ,  Reid TR, Cleary ML.  Oncogene.  1997; 15 (22): 2735-42
• Meis proteins are major in vivo DNA binding partners for wild-type but not chimeric Pbx proteins. Chang CP,  Jacobs Y, Nakamura T, Jenkins NA, Copeland NG, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  1997; 17 (10): 5679-87
• The Hox cooperativity motif of the chimeric oncoprotein E2a-Pbx1 is necessary and sufficient for oncogenesis. Chang CP,  de Vivo I, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  1997; 17 (1): 81-8
• Chimeric oncoprotein E2a-Pbx1 induces apoptosis of hematopoietic cells by a p53-independent mechanism that is suppressed by Bcl-2. Smith KS,  Jacobs Y, Chang CP, Cleary ML.  Oncogene.  1997; 14 (24): 2917-26
• Immortalization and leukemic transformation of a myelomonocytic precursor by retrovirally transduced HRX-ENL. Lavau C,  Szilvassy SJ, Slany R, Cleary ML.  EMBO J.  1997; 16 (14): 4226-37
• The p53-binding protein 53BP2 also interacts with Bc12 and impedes cell cycle progression at G2/M. Naumovski L,  Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  1996; 16 (7): 3884-92
• True histiocytic lymphoma following therapy for lymphoblastic neoplasms. Soslow RA,  Davis RE, Warnke RA, Cleary ML, Kamel OW.  Blood.  1996; 87 (12): 5207-12
• Pbx modulation of Hox homeodomain amino-terminal arms establishes different DNA-binding specificities across the Hox locus. Chang CP,  Brocchieri L, Shen WF, Largman C, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  1996; 16 (4): 1734-45
• Helix-loop-helix proteins LYL1 and E2a form heterodimeric complexes with distinctive DNA-binding properties in hematolymphoid cells. Miyamoto A,  Cui X, Naumovski L, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  1996; 16 (5): 2394-401
• Pbx proteins display hexapeptide-dependent cooperative DNA binding with a subset of Hox proteins. Chang CP,  Shen WF, Rozenfeld S, Lawrence HJ, Largman C, Cleary ML.  Genes Dev.  1995; 9 (6): 663-74
• True histiocytic lymphoma: a study of 12 cases based on current definition. Kamel OW,  Gocke CD, Kell DL, Cleary ML, Warnke RA.  Leuk Lymphoma.  1995; 18 (1-2): 81-6
• Virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome characterized by clonal Epstein-Barr virus genome. Dolezal MV,  Kamel OW, van de Rijn M, Cleary ML, Sibley RK, Warnke RA.  Am J Clin Pathol.  1995; 103 (2): 189-94
• DNA-binding and transcriptional regulatory properties of hepatic leukemia factor (HLF) and the t(17;19) acute lymphoblastic leukemia chimera E2A-HLF. Hunger SP,  Brown R, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  1994; 14 (9): 5986-96
• Frequency and prognostic significance of HRX rearrangements in infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Pediatric Oncology Group study. Rubnitz JE,  Link MP, Shuster JJ, Carroll AJ, Hakami N, Frankel LS, Pullen DJ, Cleary ML.  Blood.  1994; 84 (2): 570-3
• Fusion with E2A alters the transcriptional properties of the homeodomain protein PBX1 in t(1;19) leukemias. LeBrun DP,  Cleary ML.  Oncogene.  1994; 9 (6): 1641-7
• Bcl2 inhibits apoptosis associated with terminal differentiation of HL-60 myeloid leukemia cells. Naumovski L,  Cleary ML.  Blood.  1994; 83 (8): 2261-7
• Two types of genomic rearrangements create alternative E2A-HLF fusion proteins in t(17;19)-ALL. Hunger SP,  Devaraj PE, Foroni L, Secker-Walker LM, Cleary ML.  Blood.  1994; 83 (10): 2970-7
• The bcl-2 oncogene in Hodgkin's disease arising in the setting of follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. LeBrun DP,  Ngan BY, Weiss LM, Huie P, Warnke RA, Cleary ML.  Blood.  1994; 83 (1): 223-30
• ENL, the gene fused with HRX in t(11;19) leukemias, encodes a nuclear protein with transcriptional activation potential in lymphoid and myeloid cells. Rubnitz JE,  Morrissey J, Savage PA, Cleary ML.  Blood.  1994; 84 (6): 1747-52
• Transformation properties of the E2a-Pbx1 chimeric oncoprotein: fusion with E2a is essential, but the Pbx1 homeodomain is dispensable. Monica K,  LeBrun DP, Dedera DA, Brown R, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  1994; 14 (12): 8304-14
• Epstein-Barr virus-associated natural killer-large granular lymphocyte leukemia. Gelb AB,  van de Rijn M, Regula DP, Cornbleet JP, Kamel OW, Horoupian DS, Cleary ML, Warnke RA.  Hum Pathol.  1994; 25 (9): 953-60
• Chimaeric oncoproteins resulting from chromosomal translocations in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Hunger SP,  Cleary ML.  Semin Cancer Biol.  1993; 4 (6): 387-99
• Topographical dissociation of BCL-2 messenger RNA and protein expression in human lymphoid tissues. Chleq-Deschamps CM,  LeBrun DP, Huie P, Besnier DP, Warnke RA, Sibley RK, Cleary ML.  Blood.  1993; 81 (2): 293-8
• Expression of bcl-2 in fetal tissues suggests a role in morphogenesis. LeBrun DP,  Warnke RA, Cleary ML.  Am J Pathol.  1993; 142 (3): 743-53
• A serine/proline-rich protein is fused to HRX in t(4;11) acute leukemias. Morrissey J,  Tkachuk DC, Milatovich A, Francke U, Link M, Cleary ML.  Blood.  1993; 81 (5): 1124-31
• HRX involvement in de novo and secondary leukemias with diverse chromosome 11q23 abnormalities. Hunger SP,  Tkachuk DC, Amylon MD, Link MP, Carroll AJ, Welborn JL, Willman CL, Cleary ML.  Blood.  1993; 81 (12): 3197-203
• Characterization of posttransplant lymphomas that express T-cell-associated markers: immunophenotypes, molecular genetics, cytogenetics, and heterotransplantation in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Waller EK,  Ziemianska M, Bangs CD, Cleary M, Weissman I, Kamel OW.  Blood.  1993; 82 (1): 247-61
• Chimeric homeobox gene E2A-PBX1 induces proliferation, apoptosis, and malignant lymphomas in transgenic mice. Dedera DA,  Waller EK, LeBrun DP, Sen-Majumdar A, Stevens ME, Barsh GS, Cleary ML.  Cell.  1993; 74 (5): 833-43
• Follicular lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract. Pathologic features in 31 cases and bcl-2 oncogenic protein expression. LeBrun DP,  Kamel OW, Cleary ML, Dorfman RF, Warnke RA.  Am J Pathol.  1992; 140 (6): 1327-35
• Hlf, a novel hepatic bZIP protein, shows altered DNA-binding properties following fusion to E2A in t(17;19) acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hunger SP,  Ohyashiki K, Toyama K, Cleary ML.  Genes Dev.  1992; 6 (9): 1608-20
• Involvement of a homolog of Drosophila trithorax by 11q23 chromosomal translocations in acute leukemias. Tkachuk DC,  Kohler S, Cleary ML.  Cell.  1992; 71 (4): 691-700
• Transcription factors in human leukaemias. Cleary ML,  Cancer Surv.  1992; 15 89-104
• Structure, chromosome mapping, and expression of the mouse Lyl-1 gene. Kuo SS,  Mellentin JD, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ, Jenkins NA, Cleary ML.  Oncogene.  1991; 6 (6): 961-8
• Utility of molecular genetic analysis for the diagnosis of neoplasia in morphologically and immunophenotypically equivocal hematolymphoid lesions. Davis RE,  Warnke RA, Dorfman RF, Cleary ML.  Cancer.  1991; 67 (11): 2890-9
• Monocytoid B-cell lymphoma: a study of 36 cases. Ngan BY,  Warnke RA, Wilson M, Takagi K, Cleary ML, Dorfman RF.  Hum Pathol.  1991; 22 (5): 409-21
• Oncogenic conversion of transcription factors by chromosomal translocations. Cleary ML,  Cell.  1991; 66 (4): 619-22
• Enhanced detection of the t(14;18) translocation in malignant lymphoma using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Zelenetz AD,  Chu G, Galili N, Bangs CD, Horning SJ, Donlon TA, Cleary ML, Levy R.  Blood.  1991; 78 (6): 1552-60
• Growth of primary T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomata in SCID-hu mice: requirement for a human lymphoid microenvironment. Waller EK,  Kamel OW, Cleary ML, Majumdar AS, Schick MR, Lieberman M, Weissman IL.  Blood.  1991; 78 (10): 2650-65
• PBX2 and PBX3, new homeobox genes with extensive homology to the human proto-oncogene PBX1. Monica K,  Galili N, Nourse J, Saltman D, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  1991; 11 (12): 6149-57
• The t(1;19)(q23;p13) results in consistent fusion of E2A and PBX1 coding sequences in acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Hunger SP,  Galili N, Carroll AJ, Crist WM, Link MP, Cleary ML.  Blood.  1991; 77 (4): 687-93
• The bcl-2 gene and protein in malignant lymphomas. Cleary ML,  Bull Cancer.  1991; 78 (2): 187-93
• Consistent involvement of the bcr gene by 9;22 breakpoints in pediatric acute leukemias. Suryanarayan K,  Hunger SP, Kohler S, Carroll AJ, Crist W, Link MP, Cleary ML.  Blood.  1991; 77 (2): 324-30
• Use of the polymerase chain reaction to monitor the effectiveness of ex vivo tumor cell purging. Negrin RS,  Kiem HP, Schmidt-Wolf IG, Blume KG, Cleary ML.  Blood.  1991; 77 (3): 654-60
• Concurrent activation of c-myc and inactivation of bcl-2 by chromosomal translocation in a lymphoblastic lymphoma cell line. Kiem HP,  Nourse J, Saltman DL, Blume KG, Cleary ML.  Oncogene.  1990; 5 (12): 1815-9
• Detection of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the peripheral blood by analysis of antigen receptor gene rearrangements: results of a prospective study. Horning SJ,  Galili N, Cleary M, Sklar J.  Blood.  1990; 75 (5): 1139-45
• Membrane topology of the Bcl-2 proto-oncogenic protein demonstrated in vitro. Chen-Levy Z,  Cleary ML.  J Biol Chem.  1990; 265 (9): 4929-33
• Small G proteins are expressed ubiquitously in lymphoid cells and do not correspond to Bcl-2. Monica K,  Chen-Levy Z, Cleary ML.  Nature.  1990; 346 (6280): 189-91
• Mapping of translocation breakpoints on the short arm of chromosome 19 in acute leukemias by in situ hybridization. Saltman DL,  Mellentin JD, Smith SD, Cleary ML.  Genes Chromosomes Cancer.  1990; 2 (4): 259-65
• Molecular analysis of the t(1;19) breakpoint cluster region in pre-B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Mellentin JD,  Nourse J, Hunger SP, Smith SD, Cleary ML.  Genes Chromosomes Cancer.  1990; 2 (3): 239-47
• Expression of bcr-abl fusion transcripts following bone marrow transplantation for Philadelphia chromosome-positive leukemia. Kohler S,  Galili N, Sklar JL, Donlon TA, Blume KG, Cleary ML.  Leukemia.  1990; 4 (8): 541-7
• Chromosomal translocation t(1;19) results in synthesis of a homeobox fusion mRNA that codes for a potential chimeric transcription factor. Nourse J,  Mellentin JD, Galili N, Wilkinson J, Stanbridge E, Smith SD, Cleary ML.  Cell.  1990; 60 (4): 535-45
• The bcl-2 candidate proto-oncogene product is a 24-kilodalton integral-membrane protein highly expressed in lymphoid cell lines and lymphomas carrying the t(14;18) translocation. Chen-Levy Z,  Nourse J, Cleary ML.  Mol Cell Biol.  1989; 9 (2): 701-10
• Variability of immunoglobulin expression in follicular lymphoma. An immunohistologic and molecular genetic study. Ngan B,  Warnke A, Cleary ML.  Am J Pathol.  1989; 135 (6): 1139-44
• The gene for enhancer binding proteins E12/E47 lies at the t(1;19) breakpoint in acute leukemias. Mellentin JD,  Murre C, Donlon TA, McCaw PS, Smith SD, Carroll AJ, McDonald ME, Baltimore D, Cleary ML.  Science.  1989; 246 (4928): 379-82
• lyl-1, a novel gene altered by chromosomal translocation in T cell leukemia, codes for a protein with a helix-loop-helix DNA binding motif. Mellentin JD,  Smith SD, Cleary ML.  Cell.  1989; 58 (1): 77-83
• Clonal rearrangements of immunoglobulin genes and progression to B cell lymphoma in cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia. Wood GS,  Ngan BY, Tung R, Hoffman TE, Abel EA, Hoppe RT, Warnke RA, Cleary ML, Sklar J.  Am J Pathol.  1989; 135 (1): 13-9
• Long-term growth of malignant thymocytes in vitro. Smith SD,  McFall P, Morgan R, Link M, Hecht F, Cleary M, Sklar J.  Blood.  1989; 73 (8): 2182-7
• Detection of chromosomal translocation t(14;18) within the minor cluster region of bcl-2 by polymerase chain reaction and direct genomic sequencing of the enzymatically amplified DNA in follicular lymphomas. Ngan BY,  Nourse J, Cleary ML.  Blood.  1989; 73 (7): 1759-62
• Evidence for involvement of the gamma, delta T cell antigen receptor in cytotoxicity mediated by human alloantigen-specific T cell clones. Rivas A,  Koide J, Cleary ML, Engleman EG.  J Immunol.  1989; 142 (6): 1840-6
• Clonal analysis of transplant-associated lymphoproliferations based on the structure of the genomic termini of the Epstein-Barr virus. Cleary ML,  Nalesnik MA, Shearer WT, Sklar J.  Blood.  1988; 72 (1): 349-52
• Expression in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the bcl-2 protein associated with the t(14;18) chromosomal translocation. Ngan BY,  Chen-Levy Z, Weiss LM, Warnke RA, Cleary ML.  N Engl J Med.  1988; 318 (25): 1638-44
• Idiotype as a tumor-specific marker in childhood B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Carroll WL,  Link MP, Cleary ML, Bologna S, Carswell C, Amylon MD, Smith SD, Levy R.  Blood.  1988; 71 (4): 1068-73
• Chromosomal translocation involving the beta T cell receptor gene in acute leukemia. Cleary ML,  Mellentin JD, Spies J, Smith SD.  J Exp Med.  1988; 167 (2): 682-7
• Single cell origin of bigenotypic and biphenotypic B cell proliferations in human follicular lymphomas. Cleary ML,  Galili N, Trela M, Levy R, Sklar J.  J Exp Med.  1988; 167 (2): 582-97
• Molecular analysis of the t(14;18) chromosomal translocation in malignant lymphomas. Weiss LM,  Warnke RA, Sklar J, Cleary ML.  N Engl J Med.  1987; 317 (19): 1185-9
• Human follicular lymphomas: identification of a second t(14;18) breakpoint cluster region. Galili N,  Cleary ML, Sklar J.  Haematol Blood Transfus.  1987; 31 167-71
• Formation of a hybrid bcl-2/immunoglobulin transcript as a result of t(14;18) chromosomal translocation. Cleary ML,  Sklar J.  Haematol Blood Transfus.  1987; 31 314-9