Michael Marmor

Clinical Focus

• Ophthalmology
• Medical retinal disease: in particular, retinal dystrophies, macular dystrophies, toxic retinopathy, disorders of retinal function such as night or color blindness, unexplained visual loss
• Supervision of physiologic testing including electroretinogram ERG), multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) and visually evoked potentials (VEP)

Administrative Appointments

• Chairman, Dept. of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine , (1984– 1992 )

Honors and Awards

• Green Lecturer, Macula Society (2007)
• Susruta Lecturer, West Virginia University (1999)
• Senior Honor Award, American Academy of Ophthalmology (1996)
• Research Award, Alcon Research Institute (1989)
• Honorary Professor, Xian Medical University (1988)

Professional Education

• Board Certification: Ophthalmology, American Board of Ophthalmology (1974)
• Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary (1973) MA
• UCLA School of Medicine (1967) CA
• Harvard Medical School (1966) MA
• AB, Harvard College Mathematics (1962)
• MD, Harvard Medical School Medicine (1966)

Research Interests

My laboratory research interests are in several areas. Regarding the physiology and pathophysiology of retina and pigment epithelium (RPE), studies have focused on mechanisms that control fluid movement across the RPE, and the adhesion between retina and RPE. We have also studied the modification of retinal ischemic damage, laser action upon the RPE and drug effects upon retina and RPE. Recent collaborative work has been considering means of replacing Bruch's membrane or RPE in diseased eyes, and the development of a retinal prosthesis.

Clinical investigations cover several areas. We are studying electrophysiological tests of retinal and RPE function, including non-photic responses (induced by drugs) and newer electroretinographic techniques such as multifocal ERG recording. Unusual dystrophies, toxic retinopathies and clinical problems in the area of medical retinal disorders are evaluated as appropriate. The pathophysiology of central serous chorioretinopathy has been studied. Our research programs bear directly on blinding disorders such as age-related macular degeneration, vascular disease (including diabetes), retinal detachment, retinitis pigmentosa, macular dystrophies and toxic retinopathies.

Another major area of interest is the relationship between human vision and art, music, history, literature and sport. The role and implications of vision in art have been studied in depth.

Publications

• Effect of shape and coating of a subretinal prosthesis on its integration with the retina. Butterwick A,  Huie P, Jones BW, Marc RE, Marmor M, Palanker D.  Exp Eye Res.  2009; 88 (1): 22-9
• ISCEV Standard for full-field clinical electroretinography (2008 update). Marmor MF,  Fulton AB, Holder GE, Miyake Y, Brigell M, Bach M.  Doc Ophthalmol.  2009; 118 (1): 69-77
• Total rod ERG suppression with high dose compassionate Fenretinide usage. Marmor MF,  Jain A, Moshfeghi D.  Doc Ophthalmol.  2008; 117 (3): 257-61
• Visual insignificance of the foveal pit: reassessment of foveal hypoplasia as fovea plana. Marmor MF,  Choi SS, Zawadzki RJ, Werner JS.  Arch Ophthalmol.  2008; 126 (7): 907-13
• Healing of retinal photocoagulation lesions. Paulus YM,  Jain A, Gariano RF, Stanzel BV, Marmor M, Blumenkranz MS, Palanker D.  Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.  2008; 49 (12): 5540-5
• The dilemma of the late-onset "dystrophy". Marmor MF,  Doc Ophthalmol.  2007; 114 (2): 107-9
• Intrasession variability of the full-field ERG. Hochstein GD,  Molnar FE, Marmor MF.  Doc Ophthalmol.  2007; 115 (2): 77-83
• Ophthalmology and art: simulation of Monet's cataracts and Degas' retinal disease. Marmor MF,  Arch Ophthalmol.  2006; 124 (12): 1764-9
• Alcohol- and light-induced electro-oculographic responses: variability and clinical utility. Marmor MF,  Wu KH.  Doc Ophthalmol.  2005 Mar-May; 110 (2-3): 227-36
• The dilemma of hydroxychloroquine screening: new information from the multifocal ERG. Marmor MF,  Am J Ophthalmol.  2005; 140 (5): 894-5
• Differential gene expression in anatomical compartments of the human eye. Diehn JJ,  Diehn M, Marmor MF, Brown PO.  Genome Biol.  2005; 6 (9): R74
• Standard for clinical electroretinography (2004 update). Marmor MF,  Holder GE, Seeliger MW, Yamamoto S.  Doc Ophthalmol.  2004; 108 (2): 107-14
• Migration of retinal cells through a perforated membrane: implications for a high-resolution prosthesis. Palanker D,  Huie P, Vankov A, Aramant R, Seiler M, Fishman H, Marmor M, Blumenkranz M.  Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.  2004; 45 (9): 3266-70
• Are circadian variations in the electroretinogram evident on routine testing? Marcus M,  Cabael L, Marmor MF.  Doc Ophthalmol.  2004; 108 (2): 165-9
• Escher and the ophthalmologist. Marmor MF,  Wagenaar WA.  Surv Ophthalmol.  2003 May-Jun; 48 (3): 356-61
• Guidelines for basic multifocal electroretinography (mfERG). Marmor MF,  Hood DC, Keating D, Kondo M, Seeliger MW, Miyake Y.  Doc Ophthalmol.  2003; 106 (2): 105-15
• Localized neurotransmitter release for use in a prototype retinal interface. Peterman MC,  Bloom DM, Lee C, Bent SF, Marmor MF, Blumenkranz MS, Fishman HA.  Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.  2003; 44 (7): 3144-9
• The dilemma of color deficiency and art. Marmor MF,  Lanthony P.  Surv Ophthalmol.  2001 Mar-Apr; 45 (5): 407-15
• Pulsed electron avalanche knife (PEAK) for intraocular surgery. Palanker DV,  Miller JM, Marmor MF, Sanislo SR, Huie P, Blumenkranz MS.  Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.  2001; 42 (11): 2673-8
• Double fault! Ocular hazards of a tennis sunglass. Marmor MF,  Arch Ophthalmol.  2001; 119 (7): 1064-6
• A brief history of macular grids: from Thomas Reid to Edvard Munch and Marc Amsler. Marmor MF,  Surv Ophthalmol.  2000 Jan-Feb; 44 (4): 343-53
• Multifocal electroretinogram abnormalities persist following resolution of central serous chorioretinopathy. Chappelow AV,  Marmor MF.  Arch Ophthalmol.  2000; 118 (9): 1211-5
• Sildenafil (Viagra) and ophthalmology. Marmor MF,  Kessler R.  Surv Ophthalmol.  1999 Sep-Oct; 44 (2): 153-62
• Mechanisms of fluid accumulation in retinal edema. Marmor MF,  Doc Ophthalmol.  1999; 97 (3-4): 239-49
• Topography of cone electrophysiology in the enhanced S cone syndrome. Marmor MF,  Tan F, Sutter EE, Bearse MA.  Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.  1999; 40 (8): 1866-73
• The training of George K. Kambara, MD. Marmor MF,  Arch Ophthalmol.  1999; 117 (9): 1227-35
• Retinal Pigment Epithelium: Function and Disease. Michael Marmor,  TJ Wolfensberger.  -.  1998;
• The Eye of the Artist Michael Marmor,  JG Ravin.  -.  1997;
• On the cause of serous detachments and acute central serous chorioretinopathy. Marmor M,  Br J Ophthalmol.  1997; 81 (10): 812-3
• Pattern dystrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium and geographic atrophy of the macula. Marmor MF,  McNamara JA.  Am J Ophthalmol.  1996; 122 (3): 382-92
• The source of fluid and protein in serous retinal detachments. Takeuchi A,  Kricorian G, Wolfensberger TJ, Marmor MF.  Curr Eye Res.  1996; 15 (7): 764-7
• The ERG is alive and well. Marmor MF,  Arch Ophthalmol.  1995; 113 (11): 1371-2
• The metabolic dependency of retinal adhesion in rabbit and primate. Marmor MF,  Yao XY.  Arch Ophthalmol.  1995; 113 (2): 232-8
• Conditions necessary for the formation of serous detachment. Experimental evidence from the cat. Marmor MF,  Yao XY.  Arch Ophthalmol.  1994; 112 (6): 830-8
• Retinal adhesiveness in the monkey. Yao XY,  Hageman GS, Marmor MF.  Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.  1994; 35 (2): 744-8
• Oxygen dependency of retinal adhesion. Kim RY,  Yao XY, Marmor MF.  Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.  1993; 34 (6): 2074-8
• Standard for clinical electro-oculography. International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision. Marmor MF,  Zrenner E.  Arch Ophthalmol.  1993; 111 (5): 601-4
• Mannitol, dextromethorphan, and catalase minimize ischemic damage to retinal pigment epithelium and retina. Gupta LY,  Marmor MF.  Arch Ophthalmol.  1993; 111 (3): 384-8
• Lowering the calcium concentration in the subretinal space in vivo loosens retinal adhesion. Kita M,  Negi A, Marmor MF.  Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.  1992; 33 (1): 23-9
• Retinal adhesive force in living rabbit, cat, and monkey eyes. Normative data and enhancement by mannitol and acetazolamide. Kita M,  Marmor MF.  Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.  1992; 33 (6): 1879-82
• Functional visual loss in Cambodian refugees: a study of cultural factors in ophthalmology. Drinnan MJ,  Marmor MF.  Eur J Ophthalmol.  1991 Jul-Sep; 1 (3): 115-8
• Retinal adhesiveness is weakened by enzymatic modification of the interphotoreceptor matrix in vivo. Yao XY,  Hageman GS, Marmor MF.  Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.  1990; 31 (10): 2051-8
• Diagnostic clinical findings of a new syndrome with night blindness, maculopathy, and enhanced S cone sensitivity. Marmor MF,  Jacobson SG, Foerster MH, Kellner U, Weleber RG.  Am J Ophthalmol.  1990; 110 (2): 124-34
• Long-term follow-up of the physiologic abnormalities and fundus changes in fundus albipunctatus. Marmor MF,  Ophthalmology.  1990; 97 (3): 380-4
• Control of subretinal fluid: experimental and clinical studies. Marmor MF,  Eye (Lond).  1990; 4 ( Pt 2) 340-4
• Is thioridazine retinopathy progressive? Relationship of pigmentary changes to visual function. Marmor MF,  Br J Ophthalmol.  1990; 74 (12): 739-42
• Dextromethorphan protects retina against ischemic injury in vivo. Yoon YH,  Marmor MF.  Arch Ophthalmol.  1989; 107 (3): 409-11
• Photoaversion in retinitis pigmentosa. Gawande AA,  Donovan WJ, Ginsburg AP, Marmor MF.  Br J Ophthalmol.  1989; 73 (2): 115-20
• New hypotheses on the pathogenesis and treatment of serous retinal detachment. Marmor MF,  Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol.  1988; 226 (6): 548-52
• The membrane of giant molluscan neurons: electrophysiologic properties and the origin of the resting potential. Marmor MF,  Prog Neurobiol.  1975; 5 (2): 167-95