Key Documents

Stephen Galli

Professor, Pathology - Mouse Transgenic Facility
Professor, Microbiology & Immunology
Member, Bio-X
Member, Cancer Center

Contact Information

Clinical Offices

Department of Pathology 300 Pasteur Dr L235 MC 5324 Stanford, CA 94305
Telephone Work (650) 723-7975 Fax (650) 725-6902
Academic Offices

Personal Information
Email sgalli@stanford.edu Tel (650) 723-7975

Administrative Contact
Rochelle Roberts Administrative Assistant Email Rochelle Roberts Tel Work 650-723-7975

Not for medical emergencies or patient use

Clinical Focus

Pathology
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Administrative Appointments

Chair, Stanford University School of Medicine - Pathology , (1999– present )

Professional Education

Massachusetts General Hospital (1979) MA
Massachusetts General Hospital (1977) MA
Harvard Medical School (1973) MA

Postdoctoral Advisees

Jennifer Lilla, Kaori Mukai, Laurent Reber

Web Site Links

Galli Lab

Research Interests

Mast cells, which normally reside in the tissues, and basophils, which circulate in the blood, are major effector cells of asthma and other IgE-associated allergic disorders and immune responses to parasites. However, mast cells also have been implicated (as effector and/or immunoregulatory cells) in many other settings, including certain autoimmune or inflammatory disorders, innate immune responses to pathogens and resistance to exogenous and exogenous agents which can express significant toxicity; mast cells also may contribute importantly, in certain settings, to angiogenesis, the regulation of epithelial development and function and fibrosis and other examples of tissue remodeling.

The goals of Dr. Galli’s laboratory are to develop and employ genetic approaches in mice to understand the regulation of mast cell and basophil development and the expression of mast cell and basophil function, and to elucidate the roles of these cells in health and disease. In parallel with these mouse studies, we investigate the roles of mast cells in human health and disease by conducting studies of human mast cells, or by analyzing specimens derived from patients with asthma or other disorders in which mast cell have been implicated.

Publications

Pillars Article: Fate of Bone Marrow-Derived Cultured Mast Cells After Intracutaneous, Intraperitoneal, And Intravenous Transfer Into Genetically Mast Cell-Deficient W/Wv Mice. Evidence That Cultured Mast Cells Can Give Rise To Both Connective Tissue Type And Mucosal Mast Cells. The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 1985. 162: 1025-1043. Nakano T, Sonoda T, Hayashi C, Yamatodani A, Kanayama Y, Yamamura TI, Asai H, Yonezawa T, Kitamura Y, Galli SJ. J Immunol. 2009; 183 (11): 6863-6881
The Role of Recipient Mast Cells in Acute and Chronic Cardiac Allograft Rejection in C57BL/6-Kit(W-sh/W-sh) Mice. Itoh S, Nakae S, Velotta JB, Kosuge H, Connolly A, Tsai M, Adachi H, Galli SJ, Robbins RC, Fischbein MP. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2009;
Mast cell-expressed orphan receptor CCRL2 binds chemerin and is required for optimal induction of IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Zabel BA, Nakae S, Zúñiga L, Kim JY, Ohyama T, Alt C, Pan J, Suto H, Soler D, Allen SJ, Handel TM, Song CH, Galli SJ, Butcher EC. J Exp Med. 2008; 205 (10): 2207-20
Rabaptin-5 regulates receptor expression and functional activation in mast cells. Rios EJ, Piliponsky AM, Ra C, Kalesnikoff J, Galli SJ. Blood. 2008; 112 (10): 4148-57
Immunomodulatory mast cells: negative, as well as positive, regulators of immunity. Galli SJ, Grimbaldeston M, Tsai M. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008; 8 (6): 478-86
Basophils are back! Galli SJ, Franco CB. Immunity. 2008; 28 (4): 495-7
Neurotensin increases mortality and mast cells reduce neurotensin levels in a mouse model of sepsis. Piliponsky AM, Chen CC, Nishimura T, Metz M, Rios EJ, Dobner PR, Wada E, Wada K, Zacharias S, Mohanasundaram UM, Faix JD, Abrink M, Pejler G, Pearl RG, Tsai M, Galli SJ. Nat Med. 2008; 14 (4): 392-8
Mast cells: versatile regulators of inflammation, tissue remodeling, host defense and homeostasis. Galli SJ, Tsai M. J Dermatol Sci. 2008; 49 (1): 7-19
New developments in mast cell biology. Kalesnikoff J, Galli SJ. Nat Immunol. 2008; 9 (11): 1215-23
IL-3 is required for increases in blood basophils in nematode infection in mice and can enhance IgE-dependent IL-4 production by basophils in vitro. Lantz CS, Min B, Tsai M, Chatterjea D, Dranoff G, Galli SJ. Lab Invest. 2008; 88 (11): 1134-42
The development of allergic inflammation. Galli SJ, Tsai M, Piliponsky AM. Nature. 2008; 454 (7203): 445-54
Mast cells in the promotion and limitation of chronic inflammation. Metz M, Grimbaldeston MA, Nakae S, Piliponsky AM, Tsai M, Galli SJ. Immunol Rev. 2007; 217 304-28
IL-33 induces IL-13 production by mouse mast cells independently of IgE-FcepsilonRI signals. Ho LH, Ohno T, Oboki K, Kajiwara N, Suto H, Iikura M, Okayama Y, Akira S, Saito H, Galli SJ, Nakae S. J Leukoc Biol. 2007; 82 (6): 1481-90
Mast cell-derived interleukin 10 limits skin pathology in contact dermatitis and chronic irradiation with ultraviolet B. Grimbaldeston MA, Nakae S, Kalesnikoff J, Tsai M, Galli SJ. Nat Immunol. 2007; 8 (10): 1095-104
IL-33 can promote survival, adhesion and cytokine production in human mast cells. Iikura M, Suto H, Kajiwara N, Oboki K, Ohno T, Okayama Y, Saito H, Galli SJ, Nakae S. Lab Invest. 2007; 87 (10): 971-8
TIM-1 and TIM-3 enhancement of Th2 cytokine production by mast cells. Nakae S, Iikura M, Suto H, Akiba H, Umetsu DT, Dekruyff RH, Saito H, Galli SJ. Blood. 2007; 110 (7): 2565-8
Mast cell-derived TNF contributes to airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, and TH2 cytokine production in an asthma model in mice. Nakae S, Ho LH, Yu M, Monteforte R, Iikura M, Suto H, Galli SJ. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007; 120 (1): 48-55
TNF can contribute to multiple features of ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation of the airways in mice. Nakae S, Lunderius C, Ho LH, Schäfer B, Tsai M, Galli SJ. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007; 119 (3): 680-6
Roles of RabGEF1/Rabex-5 domains in regulating Fc epsilon RI surface expression and Fc epsilon RI-dependent responses in mast cells. Kalesnikoff J, Rios EJ, Chen CC, Alejandro Barbieri M, Tsai M, Tam SY, Galli SJ. Blood. 2007; 109 (12): 5308-17
Mast cell-derived TNF can promote Th17 cell-dependent neutrophil recruitment in ovalbumin-challenged OTII mice. Nakae S, Suto H, Berry GJ, Galli SJ. Blood. 2007; 109 (9): 3640-8
Second symposium on the definition and management of anaphylaxis: summary report--Second National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network symposium. Sampson HA, Muñoz-Furlong A, Campbell RL, Adkinson NF, Bock SA, Branum A, Brown SG, Camargo CA, Cydulka R, Galli SJ, Gidudu J, Gruchalla RS, Harlor AD, Hepner DL, Lewis LM, Lieberman PL, Metcalfe DD, O'Connor R, Muraro A, Rudman A, Schmitt C, Scherrer D, Simons FE, Thomas S, Wood JP, Decker WW. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006; 117 (2): 391-7
Mast cells can promote the development of multiple features of chronic asthma in mice. Yu M, Tsai M, Tam SY, Jones C, Zehnder J, Galli SJ. J Clin Invest. 2006; 116 (6): 1633-41
A key regulatory role for histamine in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: disease exacerbation in histidine decarboxylase-deficient mice. Musio S, Gallo B, Scabeni S, Lapilla M, Poliani PL, Matarese G, Ohtsu H, Galli SJ, Mantegazza R, Steinman L, Pedotti R. J Immunol. 2006; 176 (1): 17-26
Mast cells can enhance resistance to snake and honeybee venoms. Metz M, Piliponsky AM, Chen CC, Lammel V, Abrink M, Pejler G, Tsai M, Galli SJ. Science. 2006; 313 (5786): 526-30
Effector and potential immunoregulatory roles of mast cells in IgE-associated acquired immune responses. Grimbaldeston MA, Metz M, Yu M, Tsai M, Galli SJ. Curr Opin Immunol. 2006; 18 (6): 751-60
Mast cell-derived tumor necrosis factor can promote nerve fiber elongation in the skin during contact hypersensitivity in mice. Kakurai M, Monteforte R, Suto H, Tsai M, Nakae S, Galli SJ. Am J Pathol. 2006; 169 (5): 1713-21
Mast cells enhance T cell activation: importance of mast cell costimulatory molecules and secreted TNF. Nakae S, Suto H, Iikura M, Kakurai M, Sedgwick JD, Tsai M, Galli SJ. J Immunol. 2006; 176 (4): 2238-48
RabGEF1 regulates stem cell factor/c-Kit-mediated signaling events and biological responses in mast cells. Kalesnikoff J, Rios EJ, Chen CC, Nakae S, Zabel BA, Butcher EC, Tsai M, Tam SY, Galli SJ. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006; 103 (8): 2659-64
Mast cell-associated TNF promotes dendritic cell migration. Suto H, Nakae S, Kakurai M, Sedgwick JD, Tsai M, Galli SJ. J Immunol. 2006; 176 (7): 4102-12
Identification of mast cell progenitors in adult mice. Chen CC, Grimbaldeston MA, Tsai M, Weissman IL, Galli SJ. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005; 102 (32): 11408-13
Activity of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor PKC412 in a patient with mast cell leukemia with the D816V KIT mutation. Gotlib J, Berubé C, Growney JD, Chen CC, George TI, Williams C, Kajiguchi T, Ruan J, Lilleberg SL, Durocher JA, Lichy JH, Wang Y, Cohen PS, Arber DA, Heinrich MC, Neckers L, Galli SJ, Gilliland DG, Coutré SE. Blood. 2005; 106 (8): 2865-70
RabGEF1, a negative regulator of Ras signalling, mast cell activation and skin inflammation. Tam SY, Kalesnikoff J, Nakae S, Tsai M, Galli SJ. Novartis Found Symp. 2005; 271 115-24; discussion 124-30, 145-51
Mast cells as "tunable" effector and immunoregulatory cells: recent advances. Galli SJ, Kalesnikoff J, Grimbaldeston MA, Piliponsky AM, Williams CM, Tsai M. Annu Rev Immunol. 2005; 23 749-86
Mast cell-deficient W-sash c-kit mutant Kit W-sh/W-sh mice as a model for investigating mast cell biology in vivo. Grimbaldeston MA, Chen CC, Piliponsky AM, Tsai M, Tam SY, Galli SJ. Am J Pathol. 2005; 167 (3): 835-48
Decreased susceptibility of mast cell-deficient Kit(W)/Kit(W-v) mice to the development of 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine-induced intestinal tumors. Wedemeyer J, Galli SJ. Lab Invest. 2005; 85 (3): 388-96
Mast cells in the development of adaptive immune responses. Galli SJ, Nakae S, Tsai M. Nat Immunol. 2005; 6 (2): 135-42
Symposium on the definition and management of anaphylaxis: summary report. Sampson HA, Muñoz-Furlong A, Bock SA, Schmitt C, Bass R, Chowdhury BA, Decker WW, Furlong TJ, Galli SJ, Golden DB, Gruchalla RS, Harlor AD, Hepner DL, Howarth M, Kaplan AP, Levy JH, Lewis LM, Lieberman PL, Metcalfe DD, Murphy R, Pollart SM, Pumphrey RS, Rosenwasser LJ, Simons FE, Wood JP, Camargo CA. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005; 115 (3): 584-91
Pathogenesis and management of anaphylaxis: current status and future challenges. Galli SJ, J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005; 115 (3): 571-4
Mast cells enhance T cell activation: Importance of mast cell-derived TNF. Nakae S, Suto H, Kakurai M, Sedgwick JD, Tsai M, Galli SJ. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005; 102 (18): 6467-72
Monomeric IgE enhances human mast cell chemokine production: IL-4 augments and dexamethasone suppresses the response. Matsuda K, Piliponsky AM, Iikura M, Nakae S, Wang EW, Dutta SM, Kawakami T, Tsai M, Galli SJ. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005; 116 (6): 1357-63
RabGEF1 is a negative regulator of mast cell activation and skin inflammation. Tam SY, Tsai M, Snouwaert JN, Kalesnikoff J, Scherrer D, Nakae S, Chatterjea D, Bouley DM, Galli SJ. Nat Immunol. 2004; 5 (8): 844-52
Chair's introduction. Anaphylaxis. Galli SJ, Novartis Found Symp. 2004; 257 1-5
Mast cells promote homeostasis by limiting endothelin-1-induced toxicity. Maurer M, Wedemeyer J, Metz M, Piliponsky AM, Weller K, Chatterjea D, Clouthier DE, Yanagisawa MM, Tsai M, Galli SJ. Nature. 2004; 432 (7016): 512-6
Immune sensitization in the skin is enhanced by antigen-independent effects of IgE. Bryce PJ, Miller ML, Miyajima I, Tsai M, Galli SJ, Oettgen HC. Immunity. 2004; 20 (4): 381-92
Evidence that IgE molecules mediate a spectrum of effects on mast cell survival and activation via aggregation of the FcepsilonRI. Kitaura J, Song J, Tsai M, Asai K, Maeda-Yamamoto M, Mocsai A, Kawakami Y, Liu FT, Lowell CA, Barisas BG, Galli SJ, Kawakami T. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003; 100 (22): 12911-6
Involvement of both 'allergic' and 'autoimmune' mechanisms in EAE, MS and other autoimmune diseases. Pedotti R, De Voss JJ, Steinman L, Galli SJ. Trends Immunol. 2003; 24 (9): 479-84
Severe anaphylactic reactions to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) self peptides in NOD mice that spontaneously develop autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pedotti R, Sanna M, Tsai M, DeVoss J, Steinman L, McDevitt H, Galli SJ. BMC Immunol. 2003; 4 2
Multiple elements of the allergic arm of the immune response modulate autoimmune demyelination. Pedotti R, DeVoss JJ, Youssef S, Mitchell D, Wedemeyer J, Madanat R, Garren H, Fontoura P, Tsai M, Galli SJ, Sobel RA, Steinman L. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003; 100 (4): 1867-72
Identification of A3 receptor- and mast cell-dependent and -independent components of adenosine-mediated airway responsiveness in mice. Tilley SL, Tsai M, Williams CM, Wang ZS, Erikson CJ, Galli SJ, Koller BH. J Immunol. 2003; 171 (1): 331-7
Gene-microarray analysis of multiple sclerosis lesions yields new targets validated in autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Lock C, Hermans G, Pedotti R, Brendolan A, Schadt E, Garren H, Langer-Gould A, Strober S, Cannella B, Allard J, Klonowski P, Austin A, Lad N, Kaminski N, Galli SJ, Oksenberg JR, Raine CS, Heller R, Steinman L. Nat Med. 2002; 8 (5): 500-8
Transcriptional response of human mast cells stimulated via the Fc(epsilon)RI and identification of mast cells as a source of IL-11. Sayama K, Diehn M, Matsuda K, Lunderius C, Tsai M, Tam SY, Botstein D, Brown PO, Galli SJ. BMC Immunol. 2002; 3 5
Regulation of mast-cell and basophil function and survival by IgE. Kawakami T, Galli SJ. Nat Rev Immunol. 2002; 2 (10): 773-86
Probing the roles of mast cells and basophils in natural and acquired immunity, physiology and disease. Marone G, Galli SJ, Kitamura Y. Trends Immunol. 2002; 23 (9): 425-7
An unexpected version of horror autotoxicus: anaphylactic shock to a self-peptide. Pedotti R, Mitchell D, Wedemeyer J, Karpuj M, Chabas D, Hattab EM, Tsai M, Galli SJ, Steinman L. Nat Immunol. 2001; 2 (3): 216-22
Regulation of mast cell survival by IgE. Asai K, Kitaura J, Kawakami Y, Yamagata N, Tsai M, Carbone DP, Liu FT, Galli SJ, Kawakami T. Immunity. 2001; 14 (6): 791-800
In vivo immunological function of mast cells derived from embryonic stem cells: an approach for the rapid analysis of even embryonic lethal mutations in adult mice in vivo. Tsai M, Wedemeyer J, Ganiatsas S, Tam SY, Zon LI, Galli SJ. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000; 97 (16): 9186-90
Mast cells can amplify airway reactivity and features of chronic inflammation in an asthma model in mice. Williams CM, Galli SJ. J Exp Med. 2000; 192 (3): 455-62
A role for Bax in the regulation of apoptosis in mouse mast cells. Maurer M, Tsai M, Metz M, Fish S, Korsmeyer SJ, Galli SJ. J Invest Dermatol. 2000; 114 (6): 1205-6
Mast cells and basophils. Galli SJ, Curr Opin Hematol. 2000; 7 (1): 32-9
The diverse potential effector and immunoregulatory roles of mast cells in allergic disease. Williams CM, Galli SJ. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000; 105 (5): 847-59
Mast cells as sentinels of innate immunity. Galli SJ, Maurer M, Lantz CS. Curr Opin Immunol. 1999; 11 (1): 53-9
Spontaneous canine mast cell tumors express tandem duplications in the proto-oncogene c-kit. London CA, Galli SJ, Yuuki T, Hu ZQ, Helfand SC, Geissler EN. Exp Hematol. 1999; 27 (4): 689-97
IgE enhances Fc epsilon receptor I expression and IgE-dependent release of histamine and lipid mediators from human umbilical cord blood-derived mast cells: synergistic effect of IL-4 and IgE on human mast cell Fc epsilon receptor I expression and mediator release. Yamaguchi M, Sayama K, Yano K, Lantz CS, Noben-Trauth N, Ra C, Costa JJ, Galli SJ. J Immunol. 1999; 162 (9): 5455-65
Mast-cell heparin demystified. Zehnder JL, Galli SJ. Nature. 1999; 400 (6746): 714-5
The c-kit ligand, stem cell factor, can enhance innate immunity through effects on mast cells. Maurer M, Echtenacher B, Hültner L, Kollias G, Männel DN, Langley KE, Galli SJ. J Exp Med. 1998; 188 (12): 2343-8
Mast cells can secrete vascular permeability factor/ vascular endothelial cell growth factor and exhibit enhanced release after immunoglobulin E-dependent upregulation of fc epsilon receptor I expression. Boesiger J, Tsai M, Maurer M, Yamaguchi M, Brown LF, Claffey KP, Dvorak HF, Galli SJ. J Exp Med. 1998; 188 (6): 1135-45
Involvement of Bruton's tyrosine kinase in FcepsilonRI-dependent mast cell degranulation and cytokine production. Hata D, Kawakami Y, Inagaki N, Lantz CS, Kitamura T, Khan WN, Maeda-Yamamoto M, Miura T, Han W, Hartman SE, Yao L, Nagai H, Goldfeld AE, Alt FW, Galli SJ, Witte ON, Kawakami T. J Exp Med. 1998; 187 (8): 1235-47
P- and E-selectins are required for the leukocyte recruitment, but not the tissue swelling, associated with IgE- and mast cell-dependent inflammation in mouse skin. de Mora F, Williams CM, Frenette PS, Wagner DD, Hynes RO, Galli SJ. Lab Invest. 1998; 78 (4): 497-505
Role for interleukin-3 in mast-cell and basophil development and in immunity to parasites. Lantz CS, Boesiger J, Song CH, Mach N, Kobayashi T, Mulligan RC, Nawa Y, Dranoff G, Galli SJ. Nature. 1998; 392 (6671): 90-3
Involvement of interleukin-3 in delayed-type hypersensitivity. Mach N, Lantz CS, Galli SJ, Reznikoff G, Mihm M, Small C, Granstein R, Beissert S, Sadelain M, Mulligan RC, Dranoff G. Blood. 1998; 91 (3): 778-83
The Paul Kallos Memorial Lecture. The mast cell: a versatile effector cell for a challenging world. Galli SJ, Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1997 May-Jul; 113 (1-3): 14-22
Expression of functional TrkA receptor tyrosine kinase in the HMC-1 human mast cell line and in human mast cells. Tam SY, Tsai M, Yamaguchi M, Yano K, Butterfield JH, Galli SJ. Blood. 1997; 90 (5): 1807-20
Impaired mast cell-dependent natural immunity in complement C3-deficient mice. Prodeus AP, Zhou X, Maurer M, Galli SJ, Carroll MC. Nature. 1997; 390 (6656): 172-5
Complexity and redundancy in the pathogenesis of asthma: reassessing the roles of mast cells and T cells. Galli SJ, J Exp Med. 1997; 186 (3): 343-7
IgE enhances mouse mast cell Fc(epsilon)RI expression in vitro and in vivo: evidence for a novel amplification mechanism in IgE-dependent reactions. Yamaguchi M, Lantz CS, Oettgen HC, Katona IM, Fleming T, Miyajima I, Kinet JP, Galli SJ. J Exp Med. 1997; 185 (4): 663-72
Systemic anaphylaxis in the mouse can be mediated largely through IgG1 and Fc gammaRIII. Assessment of the cardiopulmonary changes, mast cell degranulation, and death associated with active or IgE- or IgG1-dependent passive anaphylaxis. Miyajima I, Dombrowicz D, Martin TR, Ravetch JV, Kinet JP, Galli SJ. J Clin Invest. 1997; 99 (5): 901-14
Absence of Fc epsilonRI alpha chain results in upregulation of Fc gammaRIII-dependent mast cell degranulation and anaphylaxis. Evidence of competition between Fc epsilonRI and Fc gammaRIII for limiting amounts of FcR beta and gamma chains. Dombrowicz D, Flamand V, Miyajima I, Ravetch JV, Galli SJ, Kinet JP. J Clin Invest. 1997; 99 (5): 915-25
IgE regulates mouse basophil Fc epsilon RI expression in vivo. Lantz CS, Yamaguchi M, Oettgen HC, Katona IM, Miyajima I, Kinet JP, Galli SJ. J Immunol. 1997; 158 (6): 2517-21
Differential release of mast cell interleukin-6 via c-kit. Gagari E, Tsai M, Lantz CS, Fox LG, Galli SJ. Blood. 1997; 89 (8): 2654-63
Identification of a committed precursor for the mast cell lineage. Rodewald HR, Dessing M, Dvorak AM, Galli SJ. Science. 1996; 271 (5250): 818-22
The two faces of the mast cell. Galli SJ, Wershil BK. Nature. 1996; 381 (6577): 21-2
Recombinant human stem cell factor (kit ligand) promotes human mast cell and melanocyte hyperplasia and functional activation in vivo. Costa JJ, Demetri GD, Harrist TJ, Dvorak AM, Hayes DF, Merica EA, Menchaca DM, Gringeri AJ, Schwartz LB, Galli SJ. J Exp Med. 1996; 183 (6): 2681-6
Genetic analysis reveals cell type-specific regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase c-Kit by the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP1. Lorenz U, Bergemann AD, Steinberg HN, Flanagan JG, Li X, Galli SJ, Neel BG. J Exp Med. 1996; 184 (3): 1111-26
Stem cell factor contributes to intestinal mucosal mast cell hyperplasia in rats infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis or Trichinella spiralis, but anti-stem cell factor treatment decreases parasite egg production during N brasiliensis infection. Newlands GF, Miller HR, MacKellar A, Galli SJ. Blood. 1995; 86 (5): 1968-76
Dexamethasone or cyclosporin A suppress mast cell-leukocyte cytokine cascades. Multiple mechanisms of inhibition of IgE- and mast cell-dependent cutaneous inflammation in the mouse. Wershil BK, Furuta GT, Lavigne JA, Choudhury AR, Wang ZS, Galli SJ. J Immunol. 1995; 154 (3): 1391-8
Mast cells augment lesion size and persistence during experimental Leishmania major infection in the mouse. Wershil BK, Theodos CM, Galli SJ, Titus RG. J Immunol. 1994; 152 (9): 4563-71
Piecemeal degranulation of mast cells in the inflammatory eyelid lesions of interleukin-4 transgenic mice. Evidence of mast cell histamine release in vivo by diamine oxidase-gold enzyme-affinity ultrastructural cytochemistry. Dvorak AM, Tepper RI, Weller PF, Morgan ES, Estrella P, Monahan-Earley RA, Galli SJ. Blood. 1994; 83 (12): 3600-12
Cytoplasmic granule formation in mouse pancreatic acinar cells. Evidence for formation of immature granules (condensing vacuoles) by aggregation and fusion of progranules of unit size, and for reductions in membrane surface area and immature granule volume during granule maturation. Lew S, Hammel I, Galli SJ. Cell Tissue Res. 1994; 278 (2): 327-36
Promotion of mouse fibroblast collagen gene expression by mast cells stimulated via the Fc epsilon RI. Role for mast cell-derived transforming growth factor beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Gordon JR, Galli SJ. J Exp Med. 1994; 180 (6): 2027-37
Identification of IgE-bearing cells in the late-phase response to antigen in the lung as basophils. Guo CB, Liu MC, Galli SJ, Bochner BS, Kagey-Sobotka A, Lichtenstein LM. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1994; 10 (4): 384-90
Effects of interleukin-3 with or without the c-kit ligand, stem cell factor, on the survival and cytoplasmic granule formation of mouse basophils and mast cells in vitro. Dvorak AM, Seder RA, Paul WE, Morgan ES, Galli SJ. Am J Pathol. 1994; 144 (1): 160-70
The kit ligand, stem cell factor. Galli SJ, Zsebo KM, Geissler EN. Adv Immunol. 1994; 55 1-96
Human eosinophils can express the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha. Costa JJ, Matossian K, Resnick MB, Beil WJ, Wong DT, Gordon JR, Dvorak AM, Weller PF, Galli SJ. J Clin Invest. 1993; 91 (6): 2673-84
Mast cells contribute to the changes in heart rate, but not hypotension or death, associated with active anaphylaxis in mice. Martin TR, Ando A, Takeishi T, Katona IM, Drazen JM, Galli SJ. J Immunol. 1993; 151 (1): 367-76
Effects of chronic treatment with the c-kit ligand, stem cell factor, on immunoglobulin E-dependent anaphylaxis in mice. Genetically mast cell-deficient Sl/Sld mice acquire anaphylactic responsiveness, but the congenic normal mice do not exhibit augmented responses. Ando A, Martin TR, Galli SJ. J Clin Invest. 1993; 92 (4): 1639-49
Distinct patterns of early response gene expression and proliferation in mouse mast cells stimulated by stem cell factor, interleukin-3, or IgE and antigen. Tsai M, Tam SY, Galli SJ. Eur J Immunol. 1993; 23 (4): 867-72
Cloning and functional analysis of the mouse c-kit promoter. Yasuda H, Galli SJ, Geissler EN. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993; 191 (3): 893-901
Reversible expansion of primate mast cell populations in vivo by stem cell factor. Galli SJ, Iemura A, Garlick DS, Gamba-Vitalo C, Zsebo KM, Andrews RG. J Clin Invest. 1993; 91 (1): 148-52
Mast cell activation enhances airway responsiveness to methacholine in the mouse. Martin TR, Takeishi T, Katz HR, Austen KF, Drazen JM, Galli SJ. J Clin Invest. 1993; 91 (3): 1176-82
New concepts about the mast cell. Galli SJ, N Engl J Med. 1993; 328 (4): 257-65
The human recombinant c-kit receptor ligand, rhSCF, induces mediator release from human cutaneous mast cells and enhances IgE-dependent mediator release from both skin mast cells and peripheral blood basophils. Columbo M, Horowitz EM, Botana LM, MacGlashan DW, Bochner BS, Gillis S, Zsebo KM, Galli SJ, Lichtenstein LM. J Immunol. 1992; 149 (2): 599-608
The rat c-kit ligand, stem cell factor, induces c-kit receptor-dependent mouse mast cell activation in vivo. Evidence that signaling through the c-kit receptor can induce expression of cellular function. Wershil BK, Tsai M, Geissler EN, Zsebo KM, Galli SJ. J Exp Med. 1992; 175 (1): 245-55
Induction of mast cell proliferation, maturation, and heparin synthesis by the rat c-kit ligand, stem cell factor. Tsai M, Takeishi T, Thompson H, Langley KE, Zsebo KM, Metcalfe DD, Geissler EN, Galli SJ. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991; 88 (14): 6382-6
Differences in the expression of the cardiopulmonary alterations associated with anti-immunoglobulin E-induced or active anaphylaxis in mast cell-deficient and normal mice. Mast cells are not required for the cardiopulmonary changes associated with certain fatal anaphylactic responses. Takeishi T, Martin TR, Katona IM, Finkelman FD, Galli SJ. J Clin Invest. 1991; 88 (2): 598-608
Cytokine production by mast cells and basophils. Galli SJ, Gordon JR, Wershil BK. Curr Opin Immunol. 1991; 3 (6): 865-72
Release of both preformed and newly synthesized tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)/cachectin by mouse mast cells stimulated via the Fc epsilon RI. A mechanism for the sustained action of mast cell-derived TNF-alpha during IgE-dependent biological responses. Gordon JR, Galli SJ. J Exp Med. 1991; 174 (1): 103-7
Recruitment of neutrophils during IgE-dependent cutaneous late phase reactions in the mouse is mast cell-dependent. Partial inhibition of the reaction with antiserum against tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Wershil BK, Wang ZS, Gordon JR, Galli SJ. J Clin Invest. 1991; 87 (2): 446-53
Role of mast cells in ion transport abnormalities associated with intestinal anaphylaxis. Correction of the diminished secretory response in genetically mast cell-deficient W/Wv mice by bone marrow transplantation. Perdue MH, Masson S, Wershil BK, Galli SJ. J Clin Invest. 1991; 87 (2): 687-93
Stem cell factor (SCF), a novel hematopoietic growth factor and ligand for c-kit tyrosine kinase receptor, maps on human chromosome 12 between 12q14.3 and 12qter. Geissler EN, Liao M, Brook JD, Martin FH, Zsebo KM, Housman DE, Galli SJ. Somat Cell Mol Genet. 1991; 17 (2): 207-14
Mouse splenic and bone marrow cell populations that express high-affinity Fc epsilon receptors and produce interleukin 4 are highly enriched in basophils. Seder RA, Paul WE, Dvorak AM, Sharkis SJ, Kagey-Sobotka A, Niv Y, Finkelman FD, Barbieri SA, Galli SJ, Plaut M. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991; 88 (7): 2835-9
The rat c-kit ligand, stem cell factor, induces the development of connective tissue-type and mucosal mast cells in vivo. Analysis by anatomical distribution, histochemistry, and protease phenotype. Tsai M, Shih LS, Newlands GF, Takeishi T, Langley KE, Zsebo KM, Miller HR, Geissler EN, Galli SJ. J Exp Med. 1991; 174 (1): 125-31
[125I]fibrin deposition occurs at both early and late intervals of IgE-dependent or contact sensitivity reactions elicited in mouse skin. Mast cell-dependent augmentation of fibrin deposition at early intervals in combined IgE-dependent and contact sensitivity reactions. Mekori YA, Galli SJ. J Immunol. 1990; 145 (11): 3719-27
Mast cells as a source of multifunctional cytokines. Gordon JR, Burd PR, Galli SJ. Immunol Today. 1990; 11 (12): 458-64
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced development of functionally active mast cells in W/Wv but not Sl/Sld genetically mast cell-deficient mice. Gordon JR, Galli SJ. Blood. 1990; 75 (8): 1637-45
New insights into "the riddle of the mast cells": microenvironmental regulation of mast cell development and phenotypic heterogeneity. Galli SJ, Lab Invest. 1990; 62 (1): 5-33
Anatomical variation in mast cell nerve associations in the rat small intestine, heart, lung, and skin. Similarities of distances between neural processes and mast cells, eosinophils, or plasma cells in the jejunal lamina propria. Arizono N, Matsuda S, Hattori T, Kojima Y, Maeda T, Galli SJ. Lab Invest. 1990; 62 (5): 626-34
Mast cells as a source of both preformed and immunologically inducible TNF-alpha/cachectin. Gordon JR, Galli SJ. Nature. 1990; 346 (6281): 274-6
Human eosinophils express transforming growth factor alpha. Wong DT, Weller PF, Galli SJ, Elovic A, Rand TH, Gallagher GT, Chiang T, Chou MY, Matossian K, McBride J. J Exp Med. 1990; 172 (3): 673-81
Substance P-induced augmentation of cutaneous vascular permeability and granulocyte infiltration in mice is mast cell dependent. Yano H, Wershil BK, Arizono N, Galli SJ. J Clin Invest. 1989; 84 (4): 1276-86