Gregory Hammer

Clinical Focus

• Anesthesia

Administrative Appointments

• Director, Pediatric Anesthesia Research , (2005– 2008 )
• Associate Director, Pediatric ICU , (1995– 2008 )

Honors and Awards

• Best Doctors in America, Best Doctors in America (1996-Present)
• Graduation with Honors, U. of Illinois College of Medicine (1982)
• Graduation with Honors, U. of Wisconsin (1977)
• Graduation with Honors, Phillips Academy (1973)

Professional Education

• Board Certification: Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, American Board of Pediatrics (1990)
• Board Certification: Anesthesia, American Board of Anesthesiology (1989)
• Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (1988) PA
• Board Certification: Pediatrics, American Board of Pediatrics (1987)
• Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (1987) PA
• Children's Hospital (1985) England
• Children's Hospital of Oakland (1983) CA
• University of Illinois College of Medicine (1982) IL
• MD, U. of Illinois Medicine (1982)
• BS, U. of Wisconsin Biochemistry (1977)

Graduate & Fellowship Program Affiliations

• Anesthesia
• Pediatrics

Web Site Links

• LPCH Anesthesia

Research Interests

Dr. Hammer's primary research interests are pediatric pharmacology and perioperative care of children undergoing cardiac surgery. He has numerous funded research projects in these areas, including an NIH grant for $4.3 million to study the pharmacology of sodium nitroprusside, a drug commonly used for blood pressure control in the operating room and ICU. Dr. Hammer has several grants and ongoing research projects in the area of perioperative pain management and physiologic monitoring.

Clinical Trials

• HMP PK PD study Recruiting
• IV APAP PK study Recruiting
• Long term (12-24 hrs) infusion of nitroprusside (SNP) in pediatric patients to study the tolerability, safety, and pharmacodynamics of SNP. Recruiting
• Study of a drug called "Ketamine" and how much is in the bloodstream of infants and children who have undergone surgery. Ketamine is a standard-of- care medication used in the intensive care unit at Stanford for sedation and anesthesia. Recruiting
• Study of blood levels of Ketorolac Administered Intranasally to Children for pain after surgery Recruiting
• Immediate-Release and Extended-Release Oxymorphone in Opioid-Tolerant Pediatric Subjects With Chronic Pain Recruiting
• Oxymorphone for Acute Postoperative Pain in Pediatric Subjects Recruiting
• Population pharmacokinetics of remifentanil in infants and children undergoing cardiac surgery Completed

Publications

• Sedation and analgesia in the pediatric intensive care unit following laryngotracheal reconstruction. Hammer GB,  Paediatr Anaesth.  2009; 19 Suppl 1 166-79
• Determination of the pharmacodynamic interaction of propofol and dexmedetomidine during esophagogastroduodenoscopy in children. Hammer GB,  Sam WJ, Chen MI, Golianu B, Drover DR.  Paediatr Anaesth.  2009; 19 (2): 138-44
• Con: dexmedetomidine should not be used for infants and children during cardiac surgery. Hammer GB,  J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth.  2008; 22 (1): 152-4
• The effects of dexmedetomidine on cardiac electrophysiology in children. Hammer GB,  Drover DR, Cao H, Jackson E, Williams GD, Ramamoorthy C, Van Hare GF, Niksch A, Dubin AM.  Anesth Analg.  2008; 106 (1): 79-83, table of contents
• Sedation and analgesia in the pediatric Intensive Care Unit following laryngotracheal reconstruction. Hammer GB,  Otolaryngol Clin North Am.  2008; 41 (5): 1023-44, x-xi
• The use of dexmedetomidine during laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, and tracheal extubation following tracheal reconstruction. Seybold JL,  Ramamurthi RJ, Hammer GB.  Paediatr Anaesth.  2007; 17 (12): 1212-4
• Use of recombinant activated factor VII in children. Hammer GB,  Williams GD.  Paediatr Anaesth.  2007; 17 (12): 1123-5
• Sevoflurane and emergence delirium Hammer GB,  Clin Ped Anesth.  2007; 13 38-41
• Total intravenous anesthesia in infants and children. Hammer GB,  Clin Ped Anesth.  2007; 13 49-51
• Ketamine does not increase pulmonary vascular resistance in children with pulmonary hypertension undergoing sevoflurane anesthesia and spontaneous ventilation. Williams GD,  Philip BM, Chu LF, Boltz MG, Kamra K, Terwey H, Hammer GB, Perry SB, Feinstein JA, Ramamoorthy C.  Anesth Analg.  2007; 105 (6): 1578-84, table of contents
• Opioid analgesia in neonates following cardiac surgery. Hammer GB,  Golianu B.  Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth.  2007; 11 (1): 47-58
• Modified and conventional ultrafiltration during pediatric cardiac surgery: clinical outcomes compared. Williams GD,  Ramamoorthy C, Chu L, Hammer GB, Kamra K, Boltz MG, Pentcheva K, McCarthy JP, Reddy VM.  J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg.  2006; 132 (6): 1291-8
• Pediatric thoracic anesthesia. Golianu B,  Hammer GB.  Curr Opin Anaesthesiol.  2005; 18 (1): 5-11
• Pain management for pediatric thoracic surgery. Golianu B,  Hammer GB.  Curr Opin Anaesthesiol.  2005; 18 (1): 13-21
• Postoperative analgesia after spinal blockade in infants and children undergoing cardiac surgery. Hammer GB,  Ramamoorthy C, Cao H, Williams GD, Boltz MG, Kamra K, Drover DR.  Anesth Analg.  2005; 100 (5): 1283-8, table of contents
• Prolonged infusion of dexmedetomidine for sedation following tracheal resection. Hammer GB,  Philip BM, Schroeder AR, Rosen FS, Koltai PJ.  Paediatr Anaesth.  2005; 15 (7): 616-20
• Anaesthetic management for the child with a mediastinal mass. Hammer GB,  Paediatr Anaesth.  2004; 14 (1): 95-7
• Determination of the pharmacodynamic interaction of propofol and remifentanil during esophagogastroduodenoscopy in children. Drover DR,  Litalien C, Wellis V, Shafer SL, Hammer GB.  Anesthesiology.  2004; 100 (6): 1382-6
• Single-lung ventilation in infants and children. Hammer GB,  Paediatr Anaesth.  2004; 14 (1): 98-102
• Paradoxical vocal cord motion in a child presenting with cyanosis and respiratory failure. Falco DA,  Hammer GB, Conrad C, Messner AH.  Pediatr Crit Care Med.  2002; 3 (2): 185-186
• Pediatric thoracic anesthesia. Hammer GB,  Anesthesiol Clin North America.  2002; 20 (1): 153-80
• Single lung ventilation in children using a new paediatric bronchial blocker. Hammer GB,  Harrison TK, Vricella LA, Black MD, Krane EJ.  Paediatr Anaesth.  2002; 12 (1): 69-72
• Anesthesia for outpatient repair of patent ductus arteriosus. Uezono S,  Hammer GB, Wellis V, Boltz MG, Pike NA, Black MD.  J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth.  2001; 15 (6): 750-2
• A technique for maintenance of airway access in infants with a difficult airway following tracheal extubation. Hammer GB,  Funck N, Rosenthal DN, Feinstein JA.  Paediatr Anaesth.  2001; 11 (5): 622-5
• Determination of the median effective concentration (EC50) of propofol during oesophagogastroduodenoscopy in children. Hammer GB,  Litalien C, Wellis V, Drover DR.  Paediatr Anaesth.  2001; 11 (5): 549-53
• Pediatric thoracic anesthesia. Hammer GB,  Anesth Analg.  2001; 92 (6): 1449-64
• Anaesthesia for liver transplantation in children. Hammer GB,  Krane EJ.  Paediatr Anaesth.  2001; 11 (1): 3-18
• A retrospective examination of regional plus general anesthesia in children undergoing open heart surgery. Hammer GB,  Ngo K, Macario A.  Anesth Analg.  2000; 90 (5): 1020-4
• Tracheal intubation in a child with trismus pseudocamptodactyly (Hecht) syndrome. Seavello J,  Hammer GB.  J Clin Anesth.  1999; 11 (3): 254-6
• Methods for single-lung ventilation in pediatric patients. Hammer GB,  Fitzmaurice BG, Brodsky JB.  Anesth Analg.  1999; 89 (6): 1426-9
• Regional anesthesia for pediatric cardiac surgery. Hammer GB,  J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth.  1999; 13 (2): 210-3
• The Univent tube for single-lung ventilation in paediatric patients. Hammer GB,  Brodsky JB, Redpath JH, Cannon WB.  Paediatr Anaesth.  1998; 8 (1): 55-7
• Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease may present with severe airway obstruction. Hammer GB,  Cao S, Boltz MG, Messner A.  Anesthesiology.  1998; 89 (1): 263-5
• Use of an augmented urinary bladder can be catastrophic in renal transplantation. Alfrey EJ,  Conley SB, Tanney DC, Mak R, Scandling JD, Dafoe DC, Hammer GB, Orlandi PD, Page L, Salvatierra O.  Transplant Proc.  1997 Feb-Mar; 29 (1-2): 154-5
• Superior outcomes in pediatric renal transplantation. Salvatierra O,  Alfrey E, Tanney DC, Mak R, Hammer GB, Krane EJ, So SK, Lemley K, Orlandi PD, Conley SB.  Arch Surg.  1997; 132 (8): 842-7; discussion 847-9
• Mechanical ventilation for pediatric patients. Hammer GB,  Frankel LR.  Int Anesthesiol Clin.  1997; 35 (1): 139-67
• Factors affecting survival after orthotopic liver transplantation in infants. Cacciarelli TV,  Esquivel CO, Moore DH, Cox KL, Berquist WE, Concepcion W, Hammer GB, So SK.  Transplantation.  1997; 64 (2): 242-8
• Bladder augmentation can be problematic with renal failure and transplantation. Alfrey EJ,  Salvatierra O, Tanney DC, Mak R, Scandling JD, Dafoe DC, Hammer GB, Orlandi PD, Page L, Conley SB.  Pediatr Nephrol.  1997; 11 (6): 672-5
• Continuous venovenous hemofiltration with dialysis in combination with total hepatectomy and portocaval shunting. Bridge to liver transplantation. Hammer GB,  So SK, Al-Uzri A, Conley SB, Concepcion W, Cox KL, Berquist WE, Esquivel CO.  Transplantation.  1996; 62 (1): 130-2
• Perioperative care of the neurosurgical pediatric patient. Hammer GB,  Krane EJ.  Int Anesthesiol Clin.  1996; 34 (4): 55-71
• Ultra-high dose trimethaphan in an infant with severe hypertension. Hammer GB,  J Toxicol Clin Toxicol.  1996; 34 (2): 227-9
• Single-lung ventilation in pediatric patients. Hammer GB,  Manos SJ, Smith BM, Skarsgard ED, Brodsky JB.  Anesthesiology.  1996; 84 (6): 1503-6