Helena Chmura Kraemer

Honors and Awards

• Member, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences (2003)
• Member, International College of Geriatric Psychiatry (2002)
• Franklin Ebaugh Prize, Stanford University (2001)
• Harvard Prize in Psychiatric Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Harvard University (2001)
• Member, American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (1994)
• Fellow, American Statistical Association (1987)
• Fulbirght Scholar, Manchester University, England (1958-1958)
• Phi Beta Kappa, Smith College (1957)

Professional Education

• Ph.D., Stanford University Statistics (1963)
• B.A., Smith College Mathematics (1958)

Research Interests

I am interested in the methodology pertinent to dealing with research problems where biological and behavioral interests meet. These interests have been applied not only in psychiatric research, but in those areas of Cardiology, Pediatrics and other fields of medicine in which behavioral research is becoming ever more salient.

Specifically, I am interested in the methods of assessing the quality of measurement (evaluation of medical tests, reliability, validity), in methods of detecting the sources of errors and correcting them, and in the impacts of such errors both on clinical decision making and on research.

This interest is fundamentally related to my interest in design issues for both valid, powerful and effective research projects. I have been involved in the full range of medical research projects, from randomized clinical trials, to epidemiological studies, to preventions studies and even to basic research projects. From this has come research into the issues of statistical power, and strategies to improve power by exercising design considerations rather than increasing sample size.

Finally I am involved as much as possible with efforts to train medical researchers and clinicians to recognize the problems with inference from research project results.

Publications

• Emotional well-being does not predict survival in head and neck cancer patients: a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group study. Spiegel D,  Kraemer HC.  Cancer.  2008; 112 (10): 2326-7; author reply 2327-8
• Elderly patients with dementia-related symptoms of severe agitation and aggression: consensus statement on treatment options, clinical trials methodology, and policy. Salzman C,  Jeste DV, Meyer RE, Cohen-Mansfield J, Cummings J, Grossberg GT, Jarvik L, Kraemer HC, Lebowitz BD, Maslow K, Pollock BG, Raskind M, Schultz SK, Wang P, Zito JM, Zubenko GS.  J Clin Psychiatry.  2008; 69 (6): 889-98
• Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor in combination with cognitive training in older adults. Yesavage JA,  Friedman L, Ashford JW, Kraemer HC, Mumenthaler MS, Noda A, Hoblyn J.  J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci.  2008; 63 (5): P288-94
• Faster remission of chronic depression with combined psychotherapy and medication than with each therapy alone. Manber R,  Kraemer HC, Arnow BA, Trivedi MH, Rush AJ, Thase ME, Rothbaum BO, Klein DN, Kocsis JH, Gelenberg AJ, Keller ME.  J Consult Clin Psychol.  2008; 76 (3): 459-67
• Exploring refinements in targeted behavioral medicine intervention to advance public health. King AC,  Ahn DF, Atienza AA, Kraemer HC.  Ann Behav Med.  2008; 35 (3): 251-60
• Comments on 'Evaluating the added predictive ability of a new marker' by M. Pencina, R. D'Agostino, R. D'Agostino Jr, R. Vasan, Statistics in Medicine (DOI: 10.1002/sim.2929). Kraemer HC,  Stat Med.  2008; 27 (2): 196-8
• Toward non-parametric and clinically meaningful moderators and mediators. Kraemer HC,  Stat Med.  2008; 27 (10): 1679-92
• Slower speed-of-processing of cognitive tasks is associated with presence of the apolipoprotein epsilon4 allele. O'Hara R,  Sommer B, Way N, Kraemer HC, Taylor J, Murphy G.  J Psychiatr Res.  2008; 42 (3): 199-204
• The developmental psychopathology of social anxiety in adolescents. Hayward C,  Wilson KA, Lagle K, Kraemer HC, Killen JD, Taylor CB.  Depress Anxiety.  2008; 25 (3): 200-6
• Stanford GEMS phase 2 obesity prevention trial for low-income African-American girls: design and sample baseline characteristics. Robinson TN,  Kraemer HC, Matheson DM, Obarzanek E, Wilson DM, Haskell WL, Pruitt LA, Thompson NS, Haydel KF, Fujimoto M, Varady A, McCarthy S, Watanabe C, Killen JD.  Contemp Clin Trials.  2008; 29 (1): 56-69
• Long-term effects of mnemonic training in community-dwelling older adults. O'Hara R,  Brooks JO, Friedman L, Schröder CM, Morgan KS, Kraemer HC.  J Psychiatr Res.  2007; 41 (7): 585-90
• Serotonin transporter polymorphism, memory and hippocampal volume in the elderly: association and interaction with cortisol. O'Hara R,  Schröder CM, Mahadevan R, Schatzberg AF, Lindley S, Fox S, Weiner M, Kraemer HC, Noda A, Lin X, Gray HL, Hallmayer JF.  Mol Psychiatry.  2007; 12 (6): 544-55
• Effects of supportive-expressive group therapy on survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer: a randomized prospective trial. Spiegel D,  Butler LD, Giese-Davis J, Koopman C, Miller E, DiMiceli S, Classen CC, Fobair P, Carlson RW, Kraemer HC.  Cancer.  2007; 110 (5): 1130-8
• Associations between body composition, anthropometry, and mortality in women aged 65 years and older. Dolan CM,  Kraemer H, Browner W, Ensrud K, Kelsey JL.  Am J Public Health.  2007; 97 (5): 913-8
• Temperament-creativity relationships in mood disorder patients, healthy controls and highly creative individuals. Strong CM,  Nowakowska C, Santosa CM, Wang PW, Kraemer HC, Ketter TA.  J Affect Disord.  2007; 100 (1-3): 41-8
• DSM categories and dimensions in clinical and research contexts. Kraemer HC,  Int J Methods Psychiatr Res.  2007; 16 Suppl 1 S8-S15
• Childhood risk factors for thin body preoccupation and social pressure to be thin. Agras WS,  Bryson S, Hammer LD, Kraemer HC.  J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.  2007; 46 (2): 171-8
• Effect of raw garlic vs commercial garlic supplements on plasma lipid concentrations in adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia: a randomized clinical trial. Gardner CD,  Lawson LD, Block E, Chatterjee LM, Kiazand A, Balise RR, Kraemer HC.  Arch Intern Med.  2007; 167 (4): 346-53
• Effects of fast food branding on young children's taste preferences. Robinson TN,  Borzekowski DL, Matheson DM, Kraemer HC.  Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.  2007; 161 (8): 792-7
• Donepezil treatment and Alzheimer disease: can the results of randomized clinical trials be applied to Alzheimer disease patients in clinical practice? Tinklenberg JR,  Kraemer HC, Yaffe K, Ross L, Sheikh J, Ashford JW, Yesavage JA, Taylor JL.  Am J Geriatr Psychiatry.  2007; 15 (11): 953-60
• Comparison of the Atkins, Zone, Ornish, and LEARN diets for change in weight and related risk factors among overweight premenopausal women: the A TO Z Weight Loss Study: a randomized trial. Gardner CD,  Kiazand A, Alhassan S, Kim S, Stafford RS, Balise RR, Kraemer HC, King AC.  JAMA.  2007; 297 (9): 969-77
• Developing the diagnostic and statistical manual V: what will "statistical" mean in DSM-V? Kraemer HC,  Shrout PE, Rubio-Stipec M.  Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol.  2007; 42 (4): 259-67
• Depression and stress reactivity in metastatic breast cancer. Giese-Davis J,  Wilhelm FH, Conrad A, Abercrombie HC, Sephton S, Yutsis M, Neri E, Taylor CB, Kraemer HC, Spiegel D.  Psychosom Med.  2006 Sep-Oct; 68 (5): 675-83
• Comorbid depression, chronic pain, and disability in primary care. Arnow BA,  Hunkeler EM, Blasey CM, Lee J, Constantino MJ, Fireman B, Kraemer HC, Dea R, Robinson R, Hayward C.  Psychosom Med.  2006 Mar-Apr; 68 (2): 262-8
• Psychophysiological and cortisol responses to psychological stress in depressed and nondepressed older men and women with elevated cardiovascular disease risk. Taylor CB,  Conrad A, Wilhelm FH, Neri E, DeLorenzo A, Kramer MA, Giese-Davis J, Roth WT, Oka R, Cooke JP, Kraemer H, Spiegel D.  Psychosom Med.  2006 Jul-Aug; 68 (4): 538-46
• Correlation coefficients in medical research: from product moment correlation to the odds ratio. Kraemer HC,  Stat Methods Med Res.  2006; 15 (6): 525-45
• Strategies to reduce site differences in multisite studies: a case study of Alzheimer disease progression. Noda A,  Kraemer HC, Taylor JL, Schneider B, Ashford JW, Yesavage JA.  Am J Geriatr Psychiatry.  2006; 14 (11): 931-8
• Moderators of treatment outcomes: clinical, research, and policy importance. Kraemer HC,  Frank E, Kupfer DJ.  JAMA.  2006; 296 (10): 1286-9
• Efficacy profiles of psychopharmacology: divalproex sodium in conduct disorder. Khanzode LA,  Saxena K, Kraemer H, Chang K, Steiner H.  Child Psychiatry Hum Dev.  2006; 37 (1): 55-64
• Lifetime prevalence and pseudocomorbidity in psychiatric research. Kraemer HC,  Wilson KA, Hayward C.  Arch Gen Psychiatry.  2006; 63 (6): 604-8
• Factors associated with psychiatric hospitalization of individuals diagnosed with dementia and comorbid bipolar disorder. Brooks JO,  Hoblyn JC, Kraemer HC, Yesavage JA.  J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol.  2006; 19 (2): 72-7
• Caution regarding the use of pilot studies to guide power calculations for study proposals. Kraemer HC,  Mintz J, Noda A, Tinklenberg J, Yesavage JA.  Arch Gen Psychiatry.  2006; 63 (5): 484-9
• Design decisions to optimize reliability of daytime cortisol slopes in an older population. Kraemer HC,  Giese-Davis J, Yutsis M, O'Hara R, Neri E, Gallagher-Thompson D, Taylor CB, Spiegel D.  Am J Geriatr Psychiatry.  2006; 14 (4): 325-33
• Ethnicity, stress, and cortisol function in Hispanic and non-Hispanic white women: A preliminary study of family dementia caregivers and noncaregivers. Gallagher-Thompson D,  Shurgot GR, Rider K, Gray HL, McKibbin CL, Kraemer HC, Sephton SE, Thompson LW.  Am J Geriatr Psychiatry.  2006; 14 (4): 334-42
• Spatial test for agricultural pesticide "blow-in" effect on prevalence of Parkinson's disease. Yesavage JA,  Sheikh J, Noda A, Murphy G, O'Hara R, Hierholzer R, Battista M, Ashford JW, Schneider B, Hoblyn J, Kraemer HC, Tinklenberg J.  J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol.  2006; 19 (1): 32-5
• Size of treatment effects and their importance to clinical research and practice. Kraemer HC,  Kupfer DJ.  Biol Psychiatry.  2006; 59 (11): 990-6
• Factors in choosing atypical antipsychotics: toward understanding the bases of physicians' prescribing decisions. Hoblyn J,  Noda A, Yesavage JA, Brooks JO, Sheikh J, Lee T, Tinklenberg JR, Schneider B, O'Hara R, Leslie DL, Rosenheck RA, Kraemer HC.  J Psychiatr Res.  2006; 40 (2): 160-6
• Stress sensitivity in metastatic breast cancer: analysis of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function. Spiegel D,  Giese-Davis J, Taylor CB, Kraemer H.  Psychoneuroendocrinology.  2006; 31 (10): 1231-44
• The development and initial validation of the Terminally Ill Grief or Depression Scale (TIGDS). Periyakoil VS,  Kraemer HC, Noda A, Moos R, Hallenbeck J, Webster M, Yesavage JA.  Int J Methods Psychiatr Res.  2005; 14 (4): 202-12
• Nocturnal sleep apnea/hypopnea is associated with lower memory performance in APOE epsilon4 carriers. O'Hara R,  Schröder CM, Kraemer HC, Kryla N, Cao C, Miller E, Schatzberg AF, Yesavage JA, Murphy GM.  Neurology.  2005; 65 (4): 642-4
• Underreporting of behavioral problems in older hospitalized patients. Davies HD,  O'Hara R, Mumenthaler MS, Cassidy EL, Buffum M, Kim JM, Danielsen CE, Noda A, Kraemer HC, Sheikh JI.  Gerontologist.  2005; 45 (4): 535-8
• A comparison of short- and long-term family therapy for adolescent anorexia nervosa. Lock J,  Agras WS, Bryson S, Kraemer HC.  J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.  2005; 44 (7): 632-9
• Are certain multicenter randomized clinical trial structures misleading clinical and policy decisions? Kraemer HC,  Robinson TN.  Contemp Clin Trials.  2005; 26 (5): 518-29
• Heart rate correlates of attachment status in young mothers and their infants. Zelenko M,  Kraemer H, Huffman L, Gschwendt M, Pageler N, Steiner H.  J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.  2005; 44 (5): 470-6
• The effect of oxybutynin treatment on cognition in children with diurnal incontinence. Sommer BR,  O'Hara R, Askari N, Kraemer HC, Kennedy WA.  J Urol.  2005; 173 (6): 2125-7
• A simple effect size indicator for two-group comparisons? A comment on r equivalent. Kraemer HC,  Psychol Methods.  2005; 10 (4): 413-9
• Well-being, appraisal, and coping in Latina and Caucasian female dementia caregivers: findings from the REACH study. Coon DW,  Rubert M, Solano N, Mausbach B, Kraemer H, Arguëlles T, Haley WE, Thompson LW, Gallagher-Thompson D.  Aging Ment Health.  2004; 8 (4): 330-45
• Centring in regression analyses: a strategy to prevent errors in statistical inference. Kraemer HC,  Blasey CM.  Int J Methods Psychiatr Res.  2004; 13 (3): 141-51
• Risk factors for childhood overweight: a prospective study from birth to 9.5 years. Agras WS,  Hammer LD, McNicholas F, Kraemer HC.  J Pediatr.  2004; 145 (1): 20-5
• Ethnicity and time to institutionalization of dementia patients: a comparison of Latina and Caucasian female family caregivers. Mausbach BT,  Coon DW, Depp C, Rabinowitz YG, Wilson-Arias E, Kraemer HC, Thompson LW, Lane G, Gallagher-Thompson D.  J Am Geriatr Soc.  2004; 52 (7): 1077-84
• Use of a VA pharmacy database to screen for areas at high risk for disease: Parkinson's disease and exposure to pesticides. Yesavage JA,  Sheikh J, Noda A, Murphy G, O'Hara R, Hierholzer R, Battista M, Ashford JW, Kraemer HC, Tinklenberg J.  J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol.  2004; 17 (1): 36-8
• Sleep/wake disruption in Alzheimer's disease: APOE status and longitudinal course. Yesavage JA,  Friedman L, Kraemer H, Tinklenberg JR, Salehi A, Noda A, Taylor JL, O'Hara R, Murphy G.  J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol.  2004; 17 (1): 20-4
• Reconsidering the odds ratio as a measure of 2x2 association in a population. Kraemer HC,  Stat Med.  2004; 23 (2): 257-70
• Categorical versus dimensional approaches to diagnosis: methodological challenges. Kraemer HC,  Noda A, O'Hara R.  J Psychiatr Res.  2004; 38 (1): 17-25
• Care management for low-risk patients with heart failure: a randomized, controlled trial. DeBusk RF,  Miller NH, Parker KM, Bandura A, Kraemer HC, Cher DJ, West JA, Fowler MB, Greenwald G.  Ann Intern Med.  2004; 141 (8): 606-13
• African-American girls' dietary intake while watching television. Matheson DM,  Wang Y, Klesges LM, Beech BM, Kraemer HC, Robinson TN.  Obes Res.  2004; 12 Suppl 32S-37S
• Nurse management for hypertension. A systems approach. Rudd P,  Miller NH, Kaufman J, Kraemer HC, Bandura A, Greenwald G, Debusk RF.  Am J Hypertens.  2004; 17 (10): 921-7
• Age and disease severity predict choice of atypical neuroleptic: a signal detection approach to physicians' prescribing decisions. Yesavage JA,  Hoblyn J, Sheikh J, Tinklenberg JR, Noda A, O'Hara R, Fenn C, Mumenthaler MS, Friedman L, Kraemer HC.  J Psychiatr Res.  2003 Nov-Dec; 37 (6): 535-8
• Psychoactive drugs and pilot performance: a comparison of nicotine, donepezil, and alcohol effects. Mumenthaler MS,  Yesavage JA, Taylor JL, O'Hara R, Friedman L, Lee H, Kraemer HC.  Neuropsychopharmacology.  2003; 28 (7): 1366-73
• A new approach to integrating data from multiple informants in psychiatric assessment and research: mixing and matching contexts and perspectives. Kraemer HC,  Measelle JR, Ablow JC, Essex MJ, Boyce WT, Kupfer DJ.  Am J Psychiatry.  2003; 160 (9): 1566-77
• "Rules" of evidence in assessing the efficacy and effectiveness of treatments. Kraemer HC,  Dev Neuropsychol.  2003; 24 (2-3): 705-18
• Dance and reducing television viewing to prevent weight gain in African-American girls: the Stanford GEMS pilot study. Robinson TN,  Killen JD, Kraemer HC, Wilson DM, Matheson DM, Haskell WL, Pruitt LA, Powell TM, Owens AS, Thompson NS, Flint-Moore NM, Davis GJ, Emig KA, Brown RT, Rochon J, Green S, Varady A.  Ethn Dis.  2003; 13 (1 Suppl 1): S65-77
• Measures of clinical significance. Kraemer HC,  Morgan GA, Leech NL, Gliner JA, Vaske JJ, Harmon RJ.  J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.  2003; 42 (12): 1524-9
• Modeling the prevalence and incidence of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. Yesavage JA,  O'Hara R, Kraemer H, Noda A, Taylor JL, Ferris S, Gély-Nargeot MC, Rosen A, Friedman L, Sheikh J, Derouesné C.  J Psychiatr Res.  2002 Sep-Oct; 36 (5): 281-6
• Biomarkers in psychiatry: methodological issues. Kraemer HC,  Schultz SK, Arndt S.  Am J Geriatr Psychiatry.  2002 Nov-Dec; 10 (6): 653-9
• Is dopamine administration possibly a risk factor for delirium? Sommer BR,  Wise LC, Kraemer HC.  Crit Care Med.  2002; 30 (7): 1508-11
• Change in emotion-regulation strategy for women with metastatic breast cancer following supportive-expressive group therapy. Giese-Davis J,  Koopman C, Butler LD, Classen C, Cordova M, Fobair P, Benson J, Kraemer HC, Spiegel D.  J Consult Clin Psychol.  2002; 70 (4): 916-25
• Do men outperform women in smoking cessation trials? Maybe, but not by much. Killen JD,  Fortmann SP, Varady A, Kraemer HC.  Exp Clin Psychopharmacol.  2002; 10 (3): 295-301
• Mediators and moderators of treatment effects in randomized clinical trials. Kraemer HC,  Wilson GT, Fairburn CG, Agras WS.  Arch Gen Psychiatry.  2002; 59 (10): 877-83
• Which Alzheimer patients are at risk for rapid cognitive decline? O'Hara R,  Thompson JM, Kraemer HC, Fenn C, Taylor JL, Ross L, Yesavage JA, Bailey AM, Tinklenberg JR.  J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol.  2002; 15 (4): 233-8
• Cognitive status and behavioral problems in older hospitalized patients. O'Hara R,  Mumenthaler MS, Davies H, Cassidy EL, Buffum M, Namburi S, Shakoori R, Danielsen CE, Tsui P, Noda A, Kraemer HC, Sheikh JI.  Ann Gen Hosp Psychiatry.  2002; 1 (1): 1
• Interactive influences on BVRT performance level: geriatric considerations. Coman E,  Moses JA, Kraemer HC, Friedman L, Benton AL, Yesavage J.  Arch Clin Neuropsychol.  2002; 17 (6): 595-610
• Sleep/wake cycle disturbance in Alzheimer's disease: how much is due to an inherent trait? Yesavage JA,  Taylor JL, Kraemer H, Noda A, Friedman L, Tinklenberg JR.  Int Psychogeriatr.  2002; 14 (1): 73-81
• Supportive-expressive group therapy and distress in patients with metastatic breast cancer: a randomized clinical intervention trial. Classen C,  Butler LD, Koopman C, Miller E, DiMiceli S, Giese-Davis J, Fobair P, Carlson RW, Kraemer HC, Spiegel D.  Arch Gen Psychiatry.  2001; 58 (5): 494-501
• How do risk factors work together? Mediators, moderators, and independent, overlapping, and proxy risk factors. Kraemer HC,  Stice E, Kazdin A, Offord D, Kupfer D.  Am J Psychiatry.  2001; 158 (6): 848-56
• Effects of reducing television viewing on children's requests for toys: a randomized controlled trial. Robinson TN,  Saphir MN, Kraemer HC, Varady A, Haydel KF.  J Dev Behav Pediatr.  2001; 22 (3): 179-84
• Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele affects the relationship between stress and depression in caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Gallagher-Thompson D,  O'Hara R, Simmons A, Kraemer HC, Murphy GM.  J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol.  2001; 14 (3): 115-9
• Do logistic regression and signal detection identify different subgroups at risk? Implications for the design of tailored interventions. Kiernan M,  Kraemer HC, Winkleby MA, King AC, Taylor CB.  Psychol Methods.  2001; 6 (1): 35-48
• Use of placebo control groups in evaluating efficacy of treatment of unipolar major depression. Schatzberg AF,  Kraemer HC.  Biol Psychiatry.  2000; 47 (8): 736-44
• Statistical analysis to settle ethical issues? Kraemer HC,  Arch Gen Psychiatry.  2000; 57 (4): 327-8
• Adolescents and sports: risk or benefit? Steiner H,  McQuivey RW, Pavelski R, Pitts T, Kraemer H.  Clin Pediatr (Phila).  2000; 39 (3): 161-6
• Predictors of panic attacks in adolescents. Hayward C,  Killen JD, Kraemer HC, Taylor CB.  J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.  2000; 39 (2): 207-14
• A multicenter comparison of cognitive-behavioral therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy for bulimia nervosa. Agras WS,  Walsh T, Fairburn CG, Wilson GT, Kraemer HC.  Arch Gen Psychiatry.  2000; 57 (5): 459-66
• Perinatal complications and child abuse in a poverty sample. Zelenko M,  Lock J, Kraemer HC, Steiner H.  Child Abuse Negl.  2000; 24 (7): 939-50
• How can we learn about developmental processes from cross-sectional studies, or can we? Kraemer HC,  Yesavage JA, Taylor JL, Kupfer D.  Am J Psychiatry.  2000; 157 (2): 163-71
• Outcome predictors for the cognitive behavior treatment of bulimia nervosa: data from a multisite study. Agras WS,  Crow SJ, Halmi KA, Mitchell JE, Wilson GT, Kraemer HC.  Am J Psychiatry.  2000; 157 (8): 1302-8
• Pitfalls of multisite randomized clinical trials of efficacy and effectiveness. Kraemer HC,  Schizophr Bull.  2000; 26 (3): 533-41
• A longitudinal study of apolipoprotein-E genotype and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. Mauricio M,  O'Hara R, Yesavage JA, Friedman L, Kraemer HC, Van De Water M, Murphy GM.  Am J Geriatr Psychiatry.  2000; 8 (3): 196-200
• The MacArthur Three-City Outcome Study: evaluating multi-informant measures of young children's symptomatology. Ablow JC,  Measelle JR, Kraemer HC, Harrington R, Luby J, Smider N, Dierker L, Clark V, Dubicka B, Heffelfinger A, Essex MJ, Kupfer DJ.  J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.  1999; 38 (12): 1580-90
• Pathways by which SES and ethnicity influence cardiovascular disease risk factors. Winkleby MA,  Cubbin C, Ahn DK, Kraemer HC.  Ann N Y Acad Sci.  1999; 896 191-209
• Geriatric performance on the Benton Visual Retention Test: demographic and diagnostic considerations. Coman E,  Moses JA, Kraemer HC, Friedman L, Benton AL, Yesavage J.  Clin Neuropsychol.  1999; 13 (1): 66-77
• Validation of a cataplexy questionnaire in 983 sleep-disorders patients. Anic-Labat S,  Guilleminault C, Kraemer HC, Meehan J, Arrigoni J, Mignot E.  Sleep.  1999; 22 (1): 77-87
• In-hospital smoking cessation programs: who responds, who doesn't? Smith PM,  Kraemer HC, Miller NH, DeBusk RF, Taylor CB.  J Consult Clin Psychol.  1999; 67 (1): 19-27
• Activity restrictions after posterior lumbar discectomy. A prospective study of outcomes in 152 cases with no postoperative restrictions. Carragee EJ,  Han MY, Yang B, Kim DH, Kraemer H, Billys J.  Spine (Phila Pa 1976).  1999; 24 (22): 2346-51
• Predicting response of older adults to mnemonic training: who will benefit? McKitrick LA,  Friedman LF, Brooks JO, Pearman A, Kraemer HC, Yesavage JA.  Int Psychogeriatr.  1999; 11 (3): 289-300
• Ethnic variation in cardiovascular disease risk factors among children and young adults: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Winkleby MA,  Robinson TN, Sundquist J, Kraemer HC.  JAMA.  1999; 281 (11): 1006-13
• A tale of two methods: randomization versus matching trials in clinical research. Spiegel D,  Kraemer HC, Bloom JR.  Psychooncology.  1998 Sep-Oct; 7 (5): 371-5
• The stages of Alzheimer's disease: a reappraisal. Kraemer HC,  Taylor JL, Tinklenberg JR, Yesavage JA.  Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord.  1998 Nov-Dec; 9 (6): 299-308
• Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors: findings for women from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Winkleby MA,  Kraemer HC, Ahn DK, Varady AN.  JAMA.  1998 Jul 22-29; 280 (4): 356-62
• The APOE epsilon4 allele is associated with decline on delayed recall performance in community-dwelling older adults. O'Hara R,  Yesavage JA, Kraemer HC, Mauricio M, Friedman LF, Murphy GM.  J Am Geriatr Soc.  1998; 46 (12): 1493-8
• Linking self-reported childhood behavioral inhibition to adolescent social phobia. Hayward C,  Killen JD, Kraemer HC, Taylor CB.  J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.  1998; 37 (12): 1308-16
• Factors associated with weight concerns in adolescent girls. Taylor CB,  Sharpe T, Shisslak C, Bryson S, Estes LS, Gray N, McKnight KM, Crago M, Kraemer HC, Killen JD.  Int J Eat Disord.  1998; 24 (1): 31-42
• Adjusting Mini-Mental State Examination scores for age and educational level to screen for dementia: correcting bias or reducing validity? Kraemer HC,  Moritz DJ, Yesavage J.  Int Psychogeriatr.  1998; 10 (1): 43-51
• A follow-up study of actigraphic measures in home-residing Alzheimer's disease patients. Yesavage JA,  Friedman L, Kraemer HC, Noda A, Wicks D, Bliwise DL, Sheikh J, Tinklenberg J, Zarcone V.  J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol.  1998; 11 (1): 7-10
• Characteristics of successful and unsuccessful dieters: an application of signal detection methodology. Kiernan M,  King AC, Kraemer HC, Stefanick ML, Killen JD.  Ann Behav Med.  1998; 20 (1): 1-6
• Predicting achievement of a low-fat diet: a nutrition intervention for adults with low literacy skills. Winkleby MA,  Howard-Pitney B, Albright CA, Bruce B, Kraemer HC, Fortmann SP.  Prev Med.  1997 Nov-Dec; 26 (6): 874-82
• Assessment and phenomenology of nonclinical panic attacks in adolescent girls. Hayward C,  Killen JD, Kraemer HC, Blair-Greiner A, Strachowski D, Cunning D, Taylor CB.  J Anxiety Disord.  1997 Jan-Feb; 11 (1): 17-32
• What is the 'right' statistical measure of twin concordance (or diagnostic reliability and validity)? Kraemer HC,  Arch Gen Psychiatry.  1997; 54 (12): 1121-4
• Psychiatric risk associated with early puberty in adolescent girls. Hayward C,  Killen JD, Wilson DM, Hammer LD, Litt IF, Kraemer HC, Haydel F, Varady A, Taylor CB.  J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.  1997; 36 (2): 255-62
• Can we identify who will adhere to long-term physical activity? Signal detection methodology as a potential aid to clinical decision making. King AC,  Kiernan M, Oman RF, Kraemer HC, Hull M, Ahn D.  Health Psychol.  1997; 16 (4): 380-9
• No association between apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele and rate of decline in Alzheimer's disease. Murphy GM,  Taylor J, Kraemer HC, Yesavage J, Tinklenberg JR.  Am J Psychiatry.  1997; 154 (5): 603-8
• Coming to terms with the terms of risk. Kraemer HC,  Kazdin AE, Offord DR, Kessler RC, Jensen PS, Kupfer DJ.  Arch Gen Psychiatry.  1997; 54 (4): 337-43
• Weight concerns influence the development of eating disorders: a 4-year prospective study. Killen JD,  Taylor CB, Hayward C, Haydel KF, Wilson DM, Hammer L, Kraemer H, Blair-Greiner A, Strachowski D.  J Consult Clin Psychol.  1996; 64 (5): 936-40
• Interactive effects of depression symptoms, nicotine dependence, and weight change on late smoking relapse. Killen JD,  Fortmann SP, Kraemer HC, Varady AN, Davis L, Newman B.  J Consult Clin Psychol.  1996; 64 (5): 1060-7
• Sociodemographic influences on Hispanic-white differences in blood pressure. Winkleby MA,  Kraemer H, Lin J, Jatulis D, Fortmann SP.  Public Health Rep.  1996; 111 Suppl 2 30-2
• Correlates of sleep latency on the multiple sleep latency test in a clinical population. Chervin RD,  Kraemer HC, Guilleminault C.  Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol.  1995; 95 (3): 147-53
• Comparing the cost effectiveness of psychiatric treatments: bulimia nervosa. Koran LM,  Agras WS, Rossiter EM, Arnow B, Schneider JA, Telch CF, Raeburn S, Bruce B, Perl M, Kraemer HC.  Psychiatry Res.  1995; 58 (1): 13-21
• Monounsaturated versus polyunsaturated dietary fat and serum lipids. A meta-analysis. Gardner CD,  Kraemer HC.  Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol.  1995; 15 (11): 1917-27
• Hispanic versus white smoking patterns by sex and level of education. Winkleby MA,  Schooler C, Kraemer HC, Lin J, Fortmann SP.  Am J Epidemiol.  1995; 142 (4): 410-8
• Statistical issues in assessing comorbidity. Kraemer HC,  Stat Med.  1995; 14 (8): 721-33
• Weight variability effects: a prospective analysis from the Stanford Five-City Project. Taylor CB,  Jatulis DE, Fortmann SP, Kraemer HC.  Am J Epidemiol.  1995; 141 (5): 461-5
• Design and analysis issues for trials of prevention programs in mental health research. Background Materials for Reducing Risks for Mental Disorders. Kraemer HC,  Kraemer KL..  Washington DC:National Academy Press.  1994;
• A case-management system for coronary risk factor modification after acute myocardial infarction. DeBusk RF,  Miller NH, Superko HR, Dennis CA, Thomas RJ, Lew HT, Berger WE, Heller RS, Rompf J, Gee D, Kraemer HC, Bandura A, Ghandour G, Clark M, Shah RV, Fisher L, Taylor CB.  Ann Intern Med.  1994; 120 (9): 721-9
• 'How far' vs 'how fast' in Alzheimer's disease. The question revisited. Kraemer HC,  Tinklenberg J, Yesavage JA.  Arch Neurol.  1994; 51 (3): 275-9
• Genetics of autism: characteristics of affected and unaffected children from 37 multiplex families. Spiker D,  Lotspeich L, Kraemer HC, Hallmayer J, McMahon W, Petersen PB, Nicholas P, Pingree C, Wiese-Slater S, Chiotti C.  Am J Med Genet.  1994; 54 (1): 27-35
• Can state and trait variables be disentangled? A methodological framework for psychiatric disorders. Kraemer HC,  Gullion CM, Rush AJ, Frank E, Kupfer DJ.  Psychiatry Res.  1994; 52 (1): 55-69
• A community-based heart disease intervention: predictors of change. Winkleby MA,  Flora JA, Kraemer HC.  Am J Public Health.  1994; 84 (5): 767-72
• Timing and rate of sexual maturation and the onset of cigarette and alcohol use among teenage girls. Wilson DM,  Killen JD, Hayward C, Robinson TN, Hammer LD, Kraemer HC, Varady A, Taylor CB.  Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med.  1994; 148 (8): 789-95
• Effects of life-style on body mass index change. Taylor CB,  Jatulis DE, Winkleby MA, Rockhill BJ, Kraemer HC.  Epidemiology.  1994; 5 (6): 599-603
• Does television viewing increase obesity and reduce physical activity? Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses among adolescent girls. Robinson TN,  Hammer LD, Killen JD, Kraemer HC, Wilson DM, Hayward C, Taylor CB.  Pediatrics.  1993; 91 (2): 273-80
• Prediction of the development of low birth weight preterm infants by a new neonatal medical index. Korner AF,  Stevenson DK, Kraemer HC, Spiker D, Scott DT, Constantinou J, Dimiceli S.  J Dev Behav Pediatr.  1993; 14 (2): 106-11
• The methodology of studying decline in Alzheimer's disease. Brooks JO,  Kraemer HC, Tanke ED, Yesavage JA.  J Am Geriatr Soc.  1993; 41 (6): 623-8
• Selection and utilization of outcome measures in psychiatric clinical trials. Report on the 1988 MacArthur Foundation Network I Methodology Institute. Kraemer HC,  Telch CF.  Neuropsychopharmacology.  1992; 7 (2): 85-94
• How many raters? Toward the most reliable diagnostic consensus. Kraemer HC,  Stat Med.  1992; 11 (3): 317-31
• "Lies, damn lies, and statistics" in clinical research. Kraemer HC,  Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Med Soc.  1992; 55 (4): 7-12
• Return to work after uncomplicated myocardial infarction: a trial of practice guidelines in the community. Pilote L,  Thomas RJ, Dennis C, Goins P, Houston-Miller N, Kraemer H, Leong C, Berger WE, Lew H, Heller RS.  Ann Intern Med.  1992; 117 (5): 383-9
• Measurement of reliability for categorical data in medical research. Kraemer HC,  Stat Methods Med Res.  1992; 1 (2): 183-99
• Reliability and validity of behavior problem checklists as measures of stable traits in low birth weight, premature preschoolers. Spiker D,  Kraemer HC, Constantine NA, Bryant D.  Child Dev.  1992; 63 (6): 1481-96
• Reporting the size of effects in research studies to facilitate assessment of practical or clinical significance. Kraemer HC,  Psychoneuroendocrinology.  1992; 17 (6): 527-36
• Design issues in a randomized clinical trial of a behavioral intervention: insights from the Infant Health and Development Program. Spiker D,  Kraemer HC, Scott DT, Gross RT.  J Dev Behav Pediatr.  1991; 12 (6): 386-93
• To increase power in randomized clinical trials without increasing sample size. Kraemer HC,  Psychopharmacol Bull.  1991; 27 (3): 217-24
• Standardized percentile curves of body-mass index for children and adolescents. Hammer LD,  Kraemer HC, Wilson DM, Ritter PL, Dornbusch SM.  Am J Dis Child.  1991; 145 (3): 259-63
• Group- vs home-based exercise training in healthy older men and women. A community-based clinical trial. King AC,  Haskell WL, Taylor CB, Kraemer HC, DeBusk RF.  JAMA.  1991; 266 (11): 1535-42
• The evaluation of different approaches to randomized clinical trials. Report on the 1987 MacArthur Foundation Network I Methodology Workshop. Kraemer HC,  Pruyn JP.  Arch Gen Psychiatry.  1990; 47 (12): 1163-9
• Influence of early feeding style on adiposity at 6 years of age. Agras WS,  Kraemer HC, Berkowitz RI, Hammer LD.  J Pediatr.  1990; 116 (5): 805-9
• A note on case-control sampling to estimate kappa coefficients. Kraemer HC,  Bloch DA.  Biometrics.  1990; 46 (1): 49-59
• Random assignment in clinical trials: issues in planning (Infant Health and Development Program). Kraemer HC,  Fendt KH.  J Clin Epidemiol.  1990; 43 (11): 1157-67
• Cost-benefit analysis of early return to work after uncomplicated acute myocardial infarction. Picard MH,  Dennis C, Schwartz RG, Ahn DK, Kraemer HC, Berger WE, Blumberg R, Heller R, Lew H, DeBusk RF.  Am J Cardiol.  1989; 63 (18): 1308-14
• Medical evaluation of psychiatric patients. I. Results in a state mental health system. Koran LM,  Sox HC, Marton KI, Moltzen S, Sox CH, Kraemer HC, Imai K, Kelsey TG, Rose TG, Levin LC.  Arch Gen Psychiatry.  1989; 46 (8): 733-40
• Effect of psychosocial treatment on survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Spiegel D,  Bloom JR, Kraemer HC, Gottheil E.  Lancet.  1989; 2 (8668): 888-91
• 2 x 2 kappa coefficients: measures of agreement or association. Bloch DA,  Kraemer HC.  Biometrics.  1989; 45 (1): 269-87
• Kappa coefficients in epidemiology: an appraisal of a reappraisal. Kraemer HC,  Bloch DA.  J Clin Epidemiol.  1988; 41 (10): 959-68
• Sample size: when is enough enough? Kraemer HC,  Am J Med Sci.  1988; 296 (5): 360-3
• Early return to work after uncomplicated myocardial infarction. Results of a randomized trial. Dennis C,  Houston-Miller N, Schwartz RG, Ahn DK, Kraemer HC, Gossard D, Juneau M, Taylor CB, DeBusk RF.  JAMA.  1988; 260 (2): 214-20
• Elevated serum iron concentration in adolescent alcohol users. Friedman IM,  Kraemer HC, Mendoza FS, Hammer LD.  Am J Dis Child.  1988; 142 (2): 156-9
• A methodological approach to developing an assessment procedure for testing the neurobehavioral maturity of preterm infants. Korner AF,  Kraemer HC, Reade EP, Forrest T, Dimiceli S, Thom VA.  Child Dev.  1987; 58 (6): 1478-87
• The methodological and statistical evaluation of medical tests: the dexamethasone suppression test in psychiatry. Kraemer HC,  Psychoneuroendocrinology.  1987; 12 (6): 411-27
• Methodology in psychiatric research. Report on the 1986 MacArthur Foundation Network I Methodology Institute. Kraemer HC,  Pruyn JP, Gibbons RD, Greenhouse JB, Grochocinski VJ, Waternaux C, Kupfer DJ.  Arch Gen Psychiatry.  1987; 44 (12): 1100-6