Ronald Levy, MD

Publications

• Hierarchy in somatic mutations arising during genomic evolution and progression of follicular lymphoma. Green MR, Gentles AJ, Nair RV, Irish JM, Kihira S, Liu CL, Kela I, Hopmans ES, Myklebust JH, Ji H, Plevritis SK, Levy R, Alizadeh AA. Blood. 2013; 121 (9): 1604-11
• High PD-1 expression and suppressed cytokine signaling distinguish T cells infiltrating follicular lymphoma tumors from peripheral T cells. Myklebust JH, Irish JM, Brody J, Czerwinski DK, Houot R, Kohrt HE, Timmerman J, Said J, Green MR, Delabie J, Kolstad A, Alizadeh AA, Levy R. Blood. 2013; 121 (8): 1367-76
• A vaccine directed to B cells and produced by cell-free protein synthesis generates potent antilymphoma immunity. Ng PP, Jia M, Patel KG, Brody JD, Swartz JR, Levy S, Levy R. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012; 109 (36): 14526-31
• Adoptive cell therapy for lymphoma with CD4 T cells depleted of CD137-expressing regulatory T cells. Goldstein MJ, Kohrt HE, Houot R, Varghese B, Lin JT, Swanson E, Levy R. Cancer Res. 2012; 72 (5): 1239-47
• CD137 is expressed in follicular dendritic cell tumors and in classical Hodgkin and T-cell lymphomas: diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Anderson MW, Zhao S, Freud AG, Czerwinski DK, Kohrt H, Alizadeh AA, Houot R, Azambuja D, Biasoli I, Morais JC, Spector N, Molina-Kirsch HF, Warnke RA, Levy R, Natkunam Y. Am J Pathol. 2012; 181 (3): 795-803
• Combination strategies to enhance antitumor ADCC. Kohrt HE, Houot R, Marabelle A, Cho HJ, Osman K, Goldstein M, Levy R, Brody J. Immunotherapy. 2012; 4 (5): 511-27
• Complementary costimulation of human T-cell subpopulations by cluster of differentiation 28 (CD28) and CD81. Sagi Y, Landrigan A, Levy R, Levy S. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012; 109 (5): 1613-8
• Self-antigen recognition by follicular lymphoma B-cell receptors. Sachen KL, Strohman MJ, Singletary J, Alizadeh AA, Kattah NH, Lossos C, Mellins ED, Levy S, Levy R. Blood. 2012; 120 (20): 4182-90
• A CpG-loaded tumor cell vaccine induces antitumor CD4+ T cells that are effective in adoptive therapy for large and established tumors. Goldstein MJ, Varghese B, Brody JD, Rajapaksa R, Kohrt H, Czerwinski DK, Levy S, Levy R. Blood. 2011; 117 (1): 118-27
• Active and passive immunotherapy for lymphoma: proving principles and improving results. Brody J, Kohrt H, Marabelle A, Levy R. J Clin Oncol. 2011; 29 (14): 1864-75
• CD137 stimulation enhances the antilymphoma activity of anti-CD20 antibodies. Kohrt HE, Houot R, Goldstein MJ, Weiskopf K, Alizadeh AA, Brody J, Müller A, Pachynski R, Czerwinski D, Coutre S, Chao MP, Chen L, Tedder TF, Levy R. Blood. 2011; 117 (8): 2423-32
• Escherichia coli-based production of a tumor idiotype antibody fragment--tetanus toxin fragment C fusion protein vaccine for B cell lymphoma. Patel KG, Ng PP, Levy S, Levy R, Swartz JR. Protein Expr Purif. 2011; 75 (1): 15-20
• Prediction of survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma based on the expression of 2 genes reflecting tumor and microenvironment. Alizadeh AA, Gentles AJ, Alencar AJ, Liu CL, Kohrt HE, Houot R, Goldstein MJ, Zhao S, Natkunam Y, Advani RH, Gascoyne RD, Briones J, Tibshirani RJ, Myklebust JH, Plevritis SK, Lossos IS, Levy R. Blood. 2011; 118 (5): 1350-8
• The efficacy of HGAL and LMO2 in the separation of lymphomas derived from small B cells in nodal and extranodal sites, including the bone marrow. Younes SF, Beck AH, Ohgami RS, Lossos IS, Levy R, Warnke RA, Natkunam Y. Am J Clin Pathol. 2011; 135 (5): 697-708
• Anti-CD47 antibody synergizes with rituximab to promote phagocytosis and eradicate non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Chao MP, Alizadeh AA, Tang C, Myklebust JH, Varghese B, Gill S, Jan M, Cha AC, Chan CK, Tan BT, Park CY, Zhao F, Kohrt HE, Malumbres R, Briones J, Gascoyne RD, Lossos IS, Levy R, Weissman IL, Majeti R. Cell. 2010; 142 (5): 699-713
• B-cell signaling networks reveal a negative prognostic human lymphoma cell subset that emerges during tumor progression. Irish JM, Myklebust JH, Alizadeh AA, Houot R, Sharman JP, Czerwinski DK, Nolan GP, Levy R. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010; 107 (29): 12747-54
• C-C chemokine receptor 1 expression in human hematolymphoid neoplasia. Anderson MW, Zhao S, Ai WZ, Tibshirani R, Levy R, Lossos IS, Natkunam Y. Am J Clin Pathol. 2010; 133 (3): 473-83
• CD81 protein is expressed at high levels in normal germinal center B cells and in subtypes of human lymphomas. Luo RF, Zhao S, Tibshirani R, Myklebust JH, Sanyal M, Fernandez R, Gratzinger D, Marinelli RJ, Lu ZS, Wong A, Levy R, Levy S, Natkunam Y. Hum Pathol. 2010; 41 (2): 271-80
• Immunoarchitectural patterns in follicular lymphoma: efficacy of HGAL and LMO2 in the detection of the interfollicular and diffuse components. Younes SF, Beck AH, Lossos IS, Levy R, Warnke RA, Natkunam Y. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010; 34 (9): 1266-76
• In situ vaccination with a TLR9 agonist induces systemic lymphoma regression: a phase I/II study. Brody JD, Ai WZ, Czerwinski DK, Torchia JA, Levy M, Advani RH, Kim YH, Hoppe RT, Knox SJ, Shin LK, Wapnir I, Tibshirani RJ, Levy R. J Clin Oncol. 2010; 28 (28): 4324-32
• Cell-free production of Gaussia princeps luciferase--antibody fragment bioconjugates for ex vivo detection of tumor cells. Patel KG, Ng PP, Kuo CC, Levy S, Levy R, Swartz JR. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2009; 390 (3): 971-6
• Follicular lymphoma B cells induce the conversion of conventional CD4+ T cells to T-regulatory cells. Ai WZ, Hou JZ, Zeiser R, Czerwinski D, Negrin RS, Levy R. Int J Cancer. 2009; 124 (1): 239-44
• Generation of CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity against idiotype-negative lymphoma escapees. Varghese B, Widman A, Do J, Taidi B, Czerwinski DK, Timmerman J, Levy S, Levy R. Blood. 2009; 114 (20): 4477-85
• Genetic polymorphism of the inhibitory IgG Fc receptor FcgammaRIIb is not associated with clinical outcome in patients with follicular lymphoma treated with rituximab. Weng WK, Levy R. Leuk Lymphoma. 2009; 50 (5): 723-7
• Idiotype vaccination for lymphoma: moving towards optimisation. Houot R, Levy R. Leuk Lymphoma. 2009; 50 (1): 1-2
• Immunoglobulin G Fc receptor polymorphisms do not correlate with response to chemotherapy or clinical course in patients with follicular lymphoma. Weng WK, Weng WK, Levy R. Leuk Lymphoma. 2009; 50 (9): 1494-500
• Immunotransplantation preferentially expands T-effector cells over T-regulatory cells and cures large lymphoma tumors. Brody JD, Goldstein MJ, Czerwinski DK, Levy R. Blood. 2009; 113 (1): 85-94
• Lymphoma immunotherapy: vaccines, adoptive cell transfer and immunotransplant. Brody J, Levy R. Immunotherapy. 2009; 1 (5): 809-24
• T-cell modulation combined with intratumoral CpG cures lymphoma in a mouse model without the need for chemotherapy. Houot R, Levy R. Blood. 2009; 113 (15): 3546-52
• The transcription factor LMO2 is a robust marker of vascular endothelium and vascular neoplasms and selected other entities. Gratzinger D, Zhao S, West R, Rouse RV, Vogel H, Gil EC, Levy R, Lossos IS, Natkunam Y. Am J Clin Pathol. 2009; 131 (2): 264-78
• Therapeutic effect of CD137 immunomodulation in lymphoma and its enhancement by Treg depletion. Houot R, Goldstein MJ, Kohrt HE, Myklebust JH, Alizadeh AA, Lin JT, Irish JM, Torchia JA, Kolstad A, Chen L, Levy R. Blood. 2009; 114 (16): 3431-8
• Tumor-specific recombinant idiotype immunisation after chemotherapy as initial treatment for follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Timmerman JM, Vose JM, Czerwinski DK, Weng WK, Ingolia D, Mayo M, Denney DW, Levy R. Leuk Lymphoma. 2009; 50 (1): 37-46
• Vaccines for lymphomas: idiotype vaccines and beyond. Houot R, Levy R. Blood Rev. 2009; 23 (3): 137-42
• LMO2 protein expression predicts survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with anthracycline-based chemotherapy with and without rituximab. Natkunam Y, Farinha P, Hsi ED, Hans CP, Tibshirani R, Sehn LH, Connors JM, Gratzinger D, Rosado M, Zhao S, Pohlman B, Wongchaowart N, Bast M, Avigdor A, Schiby G, Nagler A, Byrne GE, Levy R, Gascoyne RD, Lossos IS. J Clin Oncol. 2008; 26 (3): 447-54
• ''Minor'' BCL2 breakpoints in follicular lymphoma: frequency and correlation with grade and disease presentation in 236 cases. Weinberg OK, Ai WZ, Mariappan MR, Shum C, Levy R, Arber DA. J Mol Diagn. 2007; 9 (4): 530-7
• Cell-free production of scFv fusion proteins: an efficient approach for personalized lymphoma vaccines. Kanter G, Yang J, Voloshin A, Levy S, Swartz JR, Levy R. Blood. 2007; 109 (8): 3393-9
• Expression of the RNA-binding protein VICKZ in normal hematopoietic tissues and neoplasms. Natkunam Y, Vainer G, Chen J, Zhao S, Marinelli RJ, Hammer AS, Hamilton-Dutoit S, Pikarsky E, Amir G, Levy R, Yisraeli JK, Lossos IS. Haematologica. 2007; 92 (2): 176-83
• Expression of the human germinal center-associated lymphoma (HGAL) protein identifies a subset of classic Hodgkin lymphoma of germinal center derivation and improved survival. Natkunam Y, Hsi ED, Aoun P, Zhao S, Elson P, Pohlman B, Naushad H, Bast M, Levy R, Lossos IS. Blood. 2007; 109 (1): 298-305
• Humoral immune response and immunoglobulin G Fc receptor genotype are associated with better clinical outcome following idiotype vaccination in follicular lymphoma patients regardless of their response to induction chemotherapy. Weng WK, Czerwinski D, Levy R. Blood. 2007; 109 (3): 951-3
• Lymphoma immunotherapy with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides requires TLR9 either in the host or in the tumor itself. Li J, Song W, Czerwinski DK, Varghese B, Uematsu S, Akira S, Krieg AM, Levy R. J Immunol. 2007; 179 (4): 2493-500
• The oncoprotein LMO2 is expressed in normal germinal-center B cells and in human B-cell lymphomas. Natkunam Y, Zhao S, Mason DY, Chen J, Taidi B, Jones M, Hammer AS, Hamilton Dutoit S, Lossos IS, Levy R. Blood. 2007; 109 (4): 1636-42
• Therapeutic vaccination against murine lymphoma by intratumoral injection of recombinant fowlpox virus encoding CD40 ligand. Liu A, Guardino A, Chinsangaram L, Goldstein MJ, Panicali D, Levy R. Cancer Res. 2007; 67 (14): 7037-44
• Altered B-cell receptor signaling kinetics distinguish human follicular lymphoma B cells from tumor-infiltrating nonmalignant B cells. Irish JM, Czerwinski DK, Nolan GP, Levy R. Blood. 2006; 108 (9): 3135-42
• Kinetics of B cell receptor signaling in human B cell subsets mapped by phosphospecific flow cytometry. Irish JM, Czerwinski DK, Nolan GP, Levy R. J Immunol. 2006; 177 (3): 1581-9
• Production of myeloid dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with tumor-specific idiotype protein for vaccination of patients with multiple myeloma. Guardino AE, Rajapaksa R, Ong KH, Sheehan K, Levy R. Cytotherapy. 2006; 8 (3): 277-89
• Expression of the human germinal center-associated lymphoma (HGAL) protein, a new marker of germinal center B-cell derivation. Natkunam Y, Lossos IS, Taidi B, Zhao S, Lu X, Ding F, Hammer AS, Marafioti T, Byrne GE, Levy S, Warnke RA, Levy R. Blood. 2005; 105 (10): 3979-86
• Rapid expression of vaccine proteins for B-cell lymphoma in a cell-free system. Yang J, Kanter G, Voloshin A, Michel-Reydellet N, Velkeen H, Levy R, Swartz JR. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2005; 89 (5): 503-11
• Therapeutic vaccination against murine lymphoma by intratumoral injection of naive dendritic cells. Song W, Levy R. Cancer Res. 2005; 65 (13): 5958-64
• Expression of active murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in an Escherichia coli cell-free system. Yang J, Kanter G, Voloshin A, Levy R, Swartz JR. Biotechnol Prog. 2004 Nov-Dec; 20 (6): 1689-96
• Clinical outcome of lymphoma patients after idiotype vaccination is correlated with humoral immune response and immunoglobulin G Fc receptor genotype. Weng WK, Czerwinski D, Timmerman J, Hsu FJ, Levy R. J Clin Oncol. 2004; 22 (23): 4717-24
• Molecular rescue of tumour-specific T cell receptor idiotype from T cell lymphomas. Reddy SA, Levy R. Br J Haematol. 2004; 124 (5): 626-8
• Prediction of survival in diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma based on the expression of six genes. Lossos IS, Czerwinski DK, Alizadeh AA, Wechser MA, Tibshirani R, Botstein D, Levy R. N Engl J Med. 2004; 350 (18): 1828-37
• TCR vaccines against a murine T cell lymphoma: a primary role for antibodies of the IgG2c class in tumor protection. Lambert SL, Okada CY, Levy R. J Immunol. 2004; 172 (2): 929-36
• The radioisotope contributes significantly to the activity of radioimmunotherapy. Davis TA, Kaminski MS, Leonard JP, Hsu FJ, Wilkinson M, Zelenetz A, Wahl RL, Kroll S, Coleman M, Goris M, Levy R, Knox SJ. Clin Cancer Res. 2004; 10 (23): 7792-8
• Vaccines in lymphoma. Levy R, Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2004; 2 (7): 424, 427
• Analysis of FAS (CD95) gene mutations in higher-grade transformation of follicle center lymphoma. Do B, Lossos IS, Thorstenson Y, Oefner PJ, Levy R. Leuk Lymphoma. 2003; 44 (8): 1317-23
• Antitumor immunity after vaccination with B lymphoma cells overexpressing a triad of costimulatory molecules. Briones J, Timmerman JM, Panicalli DL, Levy R. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003; 95 (7): 548-55
• BCL6 gene translocation in follicular lymphoma: a harbinger of eventual transformation to diffuse aggressive lymphoma. Akasaka T, Lossos IS, Levy R. Blood. 2003; 102 (4): 1443-8
• HGAL is a novel interleukin-4-inducible gene that strongly predicts survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Lossos IS, Alizadeh AA, Rajapaksa R, Tibshirani R, Levy R. Blood. 2003; 101 (2): 433-40
• Optimization of quantitative real-time RT-PCR parameters for the study of lymphoid malignancies. Lossos IS, Czerwinski DK, Wechser MA, Levy R. Leukemia. 2003; 17 (4): 789-95
• Optimization of quantitative real-time RT-PCR parameters for the study of lymphoid malignancies. Levy R, Leukemia. 2003; 17 (4): 796-7
• The BCL6 gene in B-cell lymphomas with 3q27 translocations is expressed mainly from the rearranged allele irrespective of the partner gene. Lossos IS, Akasaka T, Martinez-Climent JA, Siebert R, Levy R. Leukemia. 2003; 17 (7): 1390-7
• Two immunoglobulin G fragment C receptor polymorphisms independently predict response to rituximab in patients with follicular lymphoma. Weng WK, Levy R. J Clin Oncol. 2003; 21 (21): 3940-7
• Variation in gene expression patterns in follicular lymphoma and the response to rituximab. Bohen SP, Troyanskaya OG, Alter O, Warnke R, Botstein D, Brown PO, Levy R. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003; 100 (4): 1926-30
• Apoptosis stimulating protein of p53 (ASPP2) expression differs in diffuse large B-cell and follicular center lymphoma: correlation with clinical outcome. Lossos IS, Natkunam Y, Levy R, Lopez CD. Leuk Lymphoma. 2002; 43 (12): 2309-17
• BCL-6 mRNA expression in higher grade transformation of follicle center lymphoma: correlation with somatic mutations in the 5' regulatory region of the BCL-6 gene. Lossos IS, Warnke R, Levy R. Leukemia. 2002; 16 (9): 1857-62
• BLyS and BLyS receptor expression in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Briones J, Timmerman JM, Hilbert DM, Levy R. Exp Hematol. 2002; 30 (2): 135-41
• Idiotype-pulsed dendritic cell vaccination for B-cell lymphoma: clinical and immune responses in 35 patients. Timmerman JM, Czerwinski DK, Davis TA, Hsu FJ, Benike C, Hao ZM, Taidi B, Rajapaksa R, Caspar CB, Okada CY, van Beckhoven A, Liles TM, Engleman EG, Levy R. Blood. 2002; 99 (5): 1517-26
• Immunogenicity of a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding chimeric idiotype in patients with B-cell lymphoma. Timmerman JM, Singh G, Hermanson G, Hobart P, Czerwinski DK, Taidi B, Rajapaksa R, Caspar CB, Van Beckhoven A, Levy R. Cancer Res. 2002; 62 (20): 5845-52
• In vivo antitumor effect of CD40L-transduced tumor cells as a vaccine for B-cell lymphoma. Briones J, Timmerman J, Levy R. Cancer Res. 2002; 62 (11): 3195-9
• Mutation of the ATM gene is not involved in the pathogenesis of either follicle center lymphoma or its transformation to higher-grade lymphoma. Lossos IS, Thorstenson YR, Wayne TL, Oefner PJ, Levy R, Chu G. Leuk Lymphoma. 2002; 43 (5): 1079-85
• Rapid establishment of dendritic cell chimerism in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. Auffermann-Gretzinger S, Lossos IS, Vayntrub TA, Leong W, Grumet FC, Blume KG, Stockerl-Goldstein KE, Levy R, Shizuru JA. Blood. 2002; 99 (4): 1442-8
• Transformation of follicular lymphoma to diffuse large-cell lymphoma: alternative patterns with increased or decreased expression of c-myc and its regulated genes. Lossos IS, Alizadeh AA, Diehn M, Warnke R, Thorstenson Y, Oefner PJ, Brown PO, Botstein D, Levy R. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002; 99 (13): 8886-91
• A polymorphism in the BCL-6 gene is associated with follicle center lymphoma. Lossos IS, Jones CD, Zehnder JL, Levy R. Leuk Lymphoma. 2001 Nov-Dec; 42 (6): 1343-50
• Expression of a single gene, BCL-6, strongly predicts survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Lossos IS, Jones CD, Warnke R, Natkunam Y, Kaizer H, Zehnder JL, Tibshirani R, Levy R. Blood. 2001; 98 (4): 945-51
• Expression of complement inhibitors CD46, CD55, and CD59 on tumor cells does not predict clinical outcome after rituximab treatment in follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Weng WK, Levy R. Blood. 2001; 98 (5): 1352-7
• Idiotype vaccination following ABMT can stimulate specific anti-idiotype immune responses in patients with B-cell lymphoma. Davis TA, Hsu FJ, Caspar CB, van Beckhoven A, Czerwinsk DK, Liles TM, Taidi B, Benike CJ, Engleman EG, Levy R. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2001; 7 (9): 517-22
• Idiotype-encoding recombinant adenoviruses provide protective immunity against murine B-cell lymphomas. Timmerman JM, Caspar CB, Lambert SL, Syrengelas AD, Levy R. Blood. 2001; 97 (5): 1370-7
• T cell antigen receptor vaccines for active therapy of T cell malignancies. Reddy SA, Okada C, Wong C, Bahler D, Levy R. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2001: 941 97-105
• 'Gene shaving' as a method for identifying distinct sets of genes with similar expression patterns. Hastie T, Tibshirani R, Eisen MB, Alizadeh A, Levy R, Staudt L, Chan WC, Botstein D, Brown P. Genome Biol. 2000; 1 (2): RESEARCH0003
• A perspective on monoclonal antibody therapy: where we have been and where we are going. Levy R, Semin Hematol. 2000; 37 (4 Suppl 7): 43-6
• Cytokine fusion constructs as DNA vaccines against tumors. Maecker HT, Syrengelas A, Levy R. Methods Mol Med. 2000: 29 221-39
• Distinct types of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma identified by gene expression profiling. Alizadeh AA, Eisen MB, Davis RE, Ma C, Lossos IS, Rosenwald A, Boldrick JC, Sabet H, Tran T, Yu X, Powell JI, Yang L, Marti GE, Moore T, Hudson J, Lu L, Lewis DB, Tibshirani R, Sherlock G, Chan WC, Greiner TC, Weisenburger DD, Armitage JO, Warnke R, Levy R, Wilson W, Grever MR, Byrd JC, Botstein D, Brown PO, Staudt LM. Nature. 2000; 403 (6769): 503-11
• Higher-grade transformation of follicle center lymphoma is associated with somatic mutation of the 5' noncoding regulatory region of the BCL-6 gene. Lossos IS, Levy R. Blood. 2000; 96 (2): 635-9
• Idiotype vaccination using dendritic cells after autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. Liso A, Stockerl-Goldstein KE, Auffermann-Gretzinger S, Benike CJ, Reichardt V, van Beckhoven A, Rajapaksa R, Engleman EG, Blume KG, Levy R. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2000; 6 (6): 621-7
• Linkage of foreign carrier protein to a self-tumor antigen enhances the immunogenicity of a pulsed dendritic cell vaccine. Timmerman JM, Levy R. J Immunol. 2000; 164 (9): 4797-803
• Molecular analysis of immunoglobulin genes in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Lossos IS, Okada CY, Tibshirani R, Warnke R, Vose JM, Greiner TC, Levy R. Blood. 2000; 95 (5): 1797-803
• Mutation analysis of the 5' noncoding regulatory region of the BCL-6 gene in non-Hodgkin lymphoma: evidence for recurrent mutations and intraclonal heterogeneity. Lossos IS, Levy R. Blood. 2000; 95 (4): 1400-5
• Ongoing immunoglobulin somatic mutation in germinal center B cell-like but not in activated B cell-like diffuse large cell lymphomas. Lossos IS, Alizadeh AA, Eisen MB, Chan WC, Brown PO, Botstein D, Staudt LM, Levy R. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000; 97 (18): 10209-13
• Recombinant adenovirus vaccine encoding a chimeric T-cell antigen receptor induces protective immunity against a T-cell lymphoma. Wong CP, Levy R. Cancer Res. 2000; 60 (10): 2689-95
• Rituximab anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: safety and efficacy of re-treatment. Davis TA, Grillo-López AJ, White CA, McLaughlin P, Czuczman MS, Link BK, Maloney DG, Weaver RL, Rosenberg J, Levy R. J Clin Oncol. 2000; 18 (17): 3135-43
• The history of the development of vaccines for the treatment of lymphoma. Timmerman JM, Levy R. Clin Lymphoma. 2000; 1 (2): 129-39; discussion 140
• The inference of antigen selection on Ig genes. Lossos IS, Tibshirani R, Narasimhan B, Levy R. J Immunol. 2000; 165 (9): 5122-6
• 1999 keystone symposium on B lymphocyte biology and disease: B cell malignancy II session. Levy R, Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999; 1424 (2-3): R43-4
• DNA vaccination against the idiotype of a murine B cell lymphoma: mechanism of tumor protection. Syrengelas AD, Levy R. J Immunol. 1999; 162 (8): 4790-5
• Dendritic cell vaccines for cancer immunotherapy. Timmerman JM, Levy R. Annu Rev Med. 1999: 50 507-29
• Idiotype vaccination using dendritic cells after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma--a feasibility study. Reichardt VL, Okada CY, Liso A, Benike CJ, Stockerl-Goldstein KE, Engleman EG, Blume KG, Levy R. Blood. 1999; 93 (7): 2411-9
• Karnofsky Lecture: immunotherapy of lymphoma. Levy R, J Clin Oncol. 1999; 17 (11 Suppl): 7-12
• Single-agent monoclonal antibody efficacy in bulky non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: results of a phase II trial of rituximab. Davis TA, White CA, Grillo-López AJ, Velásquez WS, Link B, Maloney DG, Dillman RO, Williams ME, Mohrbacher A, Weaver R, Dowden S, Levy R. J Clin Oncol. 1999; 17 (6): 1851-7
• TCR vaccines against T cell lymphoma: QS-21 and IL-12 adjuvants induce a protective CD8+ T cell response. Wong CP, Okada CY, Levy R. J Immunol. 1999; 162 (4): 2251-8
• Anti-idiotype antibodies can induce long-term complete remissions in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma without eradicating the malignant clone. Davis TA, Maloney DG, Czerwinski DK, Liles TM, Levy R. Blood. 1998; 92 (4): 1184-90
• Pathological changes in surgically resected angiographically occult vascular malformations after radiation. Gewirtz RJ, Steinberg GK, Crowley R, Levy RP. Neurosurgery. 1998; 42 (4): 738-42; discussion 742-3
• Stereotactic radiosurgery of angiographically occult vascular malformations: 14-year experience. Chang SD, Levy RP, Adler JR, Martin DP, Krakovitz PR, Steinberg GK. Neurosurgery. 1998; 43 (2): 213-20; discussion 220-1
• IDEC-C2B8 (Rituximab) anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy in patients with relapsed low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Maloney DG, Grillo-López AJ, White CA, Bodkin D, Schilder RJ, Neidhart JA, Janakiraman N, Foon KA, Liles TM, Dallaire BK, Wey K, Royston I, Davis T, Levy R. Blood. 1997; 90 (6): 2188-95
• IDEC-C2B8: results of a phase I multiple-dose trial in patients with relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Maloney DG, Grillo-López AJ, Bodkin DJ, White CA, Liles TM, Royston I, Varns C, Rosenberg J, Levy R. J Clin Oncol. 1997; 15 (10): 3266-74
• Idiotype vaccines for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma induce polyclonal immune responses that cover mutated tumor idiotypes: comparison of different vaccine formulations. Caspar CB, Levy S, Levy R. Blood. 1997; 90 (9): 3699-706
• Rationale for adjuvant idiotypic vaccination after high-dose therapy for multiple myeloma. Reichardt VL, Okada CY, Stockerl-Goldstein KE, Bogen B, Levy R. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 1997; 3 (3): 157-63
• TCR vaccines for active immunotherapy of T cell malignancies. Okada CY, Wong CP, Denney DW, Levy R. J Immunol. 1997; 159 (11): 5516-27
• Tumor-specific idiotype vaccines in the treatment of patients with B-cell lymphoma--long-term results of a clinical trial. Hsu FJ, Caspar CB, Czerwinski D, Kwak LW, Liles TM, Syrengelas A, Taidi-Laskowski B, Levy R. Blood. 1997; 89 (9): 3129-35
• A nine-amino acid peptide from IL-1beta augments antitumor immune responses induced by protein and DNA vaccines. Hakim I, Levy S, Levy R. J Immunol. 1996; 157 (12): 5503-11
• DNA immunization induces protective immunity against B-cell lymphoma. Syrengelas AD, Chen TT, Levy R. Nat Med. 1996; 2 (9): 1038-41
• Surgical resection of large incompletely treated intracranial arteriovenous malformations following stereotactic radiosurgery. Steinberg GK, Chang SD, Levy RP, Marks MP, Frankel K, Marcellus M. J Neurosurg. 1996; 84 (6): 920-8
• Treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with chimeric anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody. Knox S, Hoppe RT, Maloney D, Gibbs I, Fowler S, Marquez C, Cornbleet PJ, Levy R. Blood. 1996; 87 (3): 893-9
• Tumor-specific, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response after idiotype vaccination for B-cell, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Nelson EL, Li X, Hsu FJ, Kwak LW, Levy R, Clayberger C, Krensky AM. Blood. 1996; 88 (2): 580-9
• Vaccination of patients with B-cell lymphoma using autologous antigen-pulsed dendritic cells. Hsu FJ, Benike C, Fagnoni F, Liles TM, Czerwinski D, Taidi B, Engleman EG, Levy R. Nat Med. 1996; 2 (1): 52-8
• Yttrium-90-labeled anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy of recurrent B-cell lymphoma. Knox SJ, Goris ML, Trisler K, Negrin R, Davis T, Liles TM, Grillo-López A, Chinn P, Varns C, Ning SC, Fowler S, Deb N, Becker M, Marquez C, Levy R. Clin Cancer Res. 1996; 2 (3): 457-70
• B-lymphoma cells are activated by peptide ligands of the antigen binding receptor or by anti-idiotypic antibody to induce extracellular acidification. Renschler MF, Wada HG, Fok KS, Levy R. Cancer Res. 1995; 55 (23): 5642-7
• Induction of autoantibody responses to GM-CSF by hyperimmunization with an Id-GM-CSF fusion protein. Chen TT, Levy R. J Immunol. 1995; 154 (7): 3105-17
• Preferential use of the VH4 Ig gene family by diffuse large-cell lymphoma. Hsu FJ, Levy R. Blood. 1995; 86 (8): 3072-82
• Idiotype-cytokine fusion proteins as cancer vaccines. Relative efficacy of IL-2, IL-4, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Chen TT, Tao MH, Levy R. J Immunol. 1994; 153 (10): 4775-87
• Lymphoma regression induced by monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies correlates with their ability to induce Ig signal transduction and is not prevented by tumor expression of high levels of bcl-2 protein. Vuist WM, Levy R, Maloney DG. Blood. 1994; 83 (4): 899-906
• Phase I clinical trial using escalating single-dose infusion of chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody (IDEC-C2B8) in patients with recurrent B-cell lymphoma. Maloney DG, Liles TM, Czerwinski DK, Waldichuk C, Rosenberg J, Grillo-Lopez A, Levy R. Blood. 1994; 84 (8): 2457-66
• Synthetic peptide ligands of the antigen binding receptor induce programmed cell death in a human B-cell lymphoma. Renschler MF, Bhatt RR, Dower WJ, Levy R. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994; 91 (9): 3623-7
• Endovascular treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations following radiosurgery. Marks MP, Lane B, Steinberg GK, Fabrikant JI, Levy RP, Frankel KA, Phillips MH. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1993 Mar-Apr; 14 (2): 297-303; discussion 304-5
• Clinical trials of idiotype-specific vaccine in B-cell lymphomas. Hsu FJ, Kwak L, Campbell M, Liles T, Czerwinski D, Hart S, Syrengelas A, Miller R, Levy R. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993: 690 385-7
• Evaluation of the Coulter STKS five-part differential. Cornbleet PJ, Myrick D, Levy R. Am J Clin Pathol. 1993; 99 (1): 72-81
• Idiotype/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor fusion protein as a vaccine for B-cell lymphoma. Tao MH, Levy R. Nature. 1993; 362 (6422): 755-8
• Antigen selection in human lymphomagenesis. Bahler DW, Zelenetz AD, Chen TT, Levy R. Cancer Res. 1992; 52 (19 Suppl): 5547s-5551s
• Clonal evolution of a follicular lymphoma: evidence for antigen selection. Bahler DW, Levy R. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992; 89 (15): 6770-4
• Diversity of T-cell antigen receptor variable genes used by mycosis fungoides cells. Bahler DW, Berry G, Oksenberg J, Warnke RA, Levy R. Am J Pathol. 1992; 140 (1): 1-8
• Evaluation of the CELL-DYN 3000 differential. Cornbleet PJ, Myrick D, Judkins S, Levy R. Am J Clin Pathol. 1992; 98 (6): 603-14
• Induction of immune responses in patients with B-cell lymphoma against the surface-immunoglobulin idiotype expressed by their tumors. Kwak LW, Campbell MJ, Czerwinski DK, Hart S, Miller RA, Levy R. N Engl J Med. 1992; 327 (17): 1209-15
• Interleukin 3 is a growth factor for human follicular B cell lymphoma. Clayberger C, Luna-Fineman S, Lee JE, Pillai A, Campbell M, Levy R, Krensky AM. J Exp Med. 1992; 175 (2): 371-6
• Monoclonal anti-idiotype antibody therapy of B-cell lymphoma: the addition of a short course of chemotherapy does not interfere with the antitumor effect nor prevent the emergence of idiotype-negative variant cells. Maloney DG, Brown S, Czerwinski DK, Liles TM, Hart SM, Miller RA, Levy R. Blood. 1992; 80 (6): 1502-10
• Tumor resistance induced by syngeneic bone marrow transplantation and enhanced by interleukin 2: a model for the graft versus leukemia reaction. Kwak LW, Campbell MJ, Levy R. Cancer Res. 1992; 52 (15): 4117-20
• Use of family specific leader region primers for PCR amplification of the human heavy chain variable region gene repertoire. Campbell MJ, Zelenetz AD, Levy S, Levy R. Mol Immunol. 1992; 29 (2): 193-203
• An epitope on the transferrin receptor preferentially exposed during tumor progression in human lymphoma is close to the ligand binding site. Takahashi S, Esserman L, Levy R. Blood. 1991; 77 (4): 826-32
• An experimental compartmental flow model for assessing the hemodynamic response of intracranial arteriovenous malformations to stereotactic radiosurgery. Lo EH, Fabrikant JI, Levy RP, Phillips MH, Frankel KA, Alpen EL. Neurosurgery. 1991; 28 (2): 251-9
• Enhanced detection of the t(14;18) translocation in malignant lymphoma using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Zelenetz AD, Chu G, Galili N, Bangs CD, Horning SJ, Donlon TA, Cleary ML, Levy R. Blood. 1991; 78 (6): 1552-60
• Histologic transformation of follicular lymphoma to diffuse lymphoma represents tumor progression by a single malignant B cell. Zelenetz AD, Chen TT, Levy R. J Exp Med. 1991; 173 (1): 197-207
• Idiotype vaccination post-bone marrow transplantation for B-cell lymphoma: initial studies in a murine model. Kwak LW, Campbell M, Levy R. Cancer Detect Prev. 1991; 15 (4): 323-5
• Ig VH gene expression among human follicular lymphomas. Bahler DW, Campbell MJ, Hart S, Miller RA, Levy S, Levy R. Blood. 1991; 78 (6): 1561-8
• Observations on the effect of chimeric anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody in patients with mycosis fungoides. Knox SJ, Levy R, Hodgkinson S, Bell R, Brown S, Wood GS, Hoppe R, Abel EA, Steinman L, Berger RG. Blood. 1991; 77 (1): 20-30
• Transfer of specific immunity to B-cell lymphoma with syngeneic bone marrow in mice: a strategy for using autologous marrow as an anti-tumor therapy. Kwak LW, Campbell MJ, Zelenetz AD, Levy R. Blood. 1991; 78 (10): 2768-72
• Combined syngeneic bone marrow transplantation and immunotherapy of a murine B-cell lymphoma: active immunization with tumor-derived idiotypic immunoglobulin. Kwak LW, Campbell MJ, Zelenetz AD, Levy R. Blood. 1990; 76 (11): 2411-7
• Determinants of the antitumor effect of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies. Knox SJ, Levy R, Miller RA, Uhland W, Schiele J, Ruehl W, Finston R, Day-Lollini P, Goris ML. Cancer Res. 1990; 50 (16): 4935-40
• Directional cloning of cDNA using a selectable SfiI cassette. Zelenetz AD, Levy R. Gene. 1990; 89 (1): 123-7
• Idiotype vaccination against murine B cell lymphoma. Humoral and cellular requirements for the full expression of antitumor immunity. Campbell MJ, Esserman L, Byars NE, Allison AC, Levy R. J Immunol. 1990; 145 (3): 1029-36
• Idiotypic variation in a human B lymphoma cell line. Berinstein N, Campbell MJ, Lam K, Carswell C, Levy S, Levy R. J Immunol. 1990; 144 (2): 752-8
• Induction of proliferation of human follicular (B type) lymphoma cells by cognate interaction with CD4+ T cell clones. Umetsu DT, Esserman L, Donlon TA, DeKruyff RH, Levy R. J Immunol. 1990; 144 (7): 2550-7
• Stereotactic heavy-charged-particle Bragg-peak radiation for intracranial arteriovenous malformations. Steinberg GK, Fabrikant JI, Marks MP, Levy RP, Frankel KA, Phillips MH, Shuer LM, Silverberg GD. N Engl J Med. 1990; 323 (2): 96-101
• TAPA-1, the target of an antiproliferative antibody, defines a new family of transmembrane proteins. Oren R, Takahashi S, Doss C, Levy R, Levy S. Mol Cell Biol. 1990; 10 (8): 4007-15
• TAPA-1, the target of an antiproliferative antibody, is associated on the cell surface with the Leu-13 antigen. Takahashi S, Doss C, Levy S, Levy R. J Immunol. 1990; 145 (7): 2207-13
• Therapy of lymphoma directed at idiotypes. Levy R, Miller RA. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1990; (10): 61-8
• Activation of an excluded immunoglobulin allele in a human B lymphoma cell line. Berinstein N, Levy S, Levy R. Science. 1989; 244 (4902): 337-9
• An epitope of the transferrin receptor is exposed on the cell surface of high-grade but not low-grade human lymphomas. Esserman L, Takahashi S, Rojas V, Warnke R, Levy R. Blood. 1989; 74 (8): 2718-29
• Antiidiotype antibody therapy of B-cell lymphoma. Brown SL, Miller RA, Levy R. Semin Oncol. 1989; 16 (3): 199-210
• Cytotoxic T lymphocytes specific for self tumor immunoglobulin express T cell receptor delta chain. Wright A, Lee JE, Link MP, Smith SD, Carroll W, Levy R, Clayberger C, Krensky AM. J Exp Med. 1989; 169 (5): 1557-64
• DNA fragmentation and cell death mediated by T cell antigen receptor/CD3 complex on a leukemia T cell line. Takahashi S, Maecker HT, Levy R. Eur J Immunol. 1989; 19 (10): 1911-9
• Development of a new therapeutic approach to B cell malignancy. The induction of immunity by the host against cell surface receptor on the tumor. Campbell MJ, Esserman L, Byars NE, Allison AC, Levy R. Int Rev Immunol. 1989; 4 (4): 251-70
• Functional immunoglobulin light chain genes are replaced by ongoing rearrangements of germline V kappa genes to downstream J kappa segment in a murine B cell line. Levy S, Campbell MJ, Levy R. J Exp Med. 1989; 170 (1): 1-13
• Prevalence of antigen receptor variants in human T cell lines and tumors. Maecker HT, Levy R. J Immunol. 1989; 142 (4): 1395-404
• Treatment of B-cell lymphomas with anti-idiotype antibodies alone and in combination with alpha interferon. Brown SL, Miller RA, Horning SJ, Czerwinski D, Hart SM, McElderry R, Basham T, Warnke RA, Merigan TC, Levy R. Blood. 1989; 73 (3): 651-61
• Alternative V kappa gene rearrangements in a murine B cell lymphoma. An explantation for idiotypic heterogeneity. Carroll WL, Starnes CO, Levy R, Levy S. J Exp Med. 1988; 168 (5): 1607-20
• Comparison of combinations of interferons with tumor specific and nonspecific monoclonal antibodies as therapy for murine B- and T-cell lymphomas. Basham TY, Palladino MA, Badger CC, Bernstein ID, Levy R, Merigan TC. Cancer Res. 1988; 48 (15): 4196-200
• Heterogeneity of a murine B cell lymphoma. Isolation and characterization of idiotypic variants. Starnes CO, Carroll WL, Campbell MJ, Houston LL, Apell G, Levy R. J Immunol. 1988; 141 (1): 333-9
• Idiotype as a tumor-specific marker in childhood B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Carroll WL, Link MP, Cleary ML, Bologna S, Carswell C, Amylon MD, Smith SD, Levy R. Blood. 1988; 71 (4): 1068-73
• Immunotherapy of established murine B cell lymphoma. Combination of idiotype immunization and cyclophosphamide. Campbell MJ, Esserman L, Levy R. J Immunol. 1988; 141 (9): 3227-33
• Mutational hot spots in Ig V region genes of human follicular lymphomas. Levy S, Mendel E, Kon S, Avnur Z, Levy R. J Exp Med. 1988; 168 (2): 475-89
• Single cell origin of bigenotypic and biphenotypic B cell proliferations in human follicular lymphomas. Cleary ML, Galili N, Trela M, Levy R, Sklar J. J Exp Med. 1988; 167 (2): 582-97
• Specific enhancement of the therapeutic effect of anti-idiotype antibodies on a murine B cell lymphoma by IL-2. Berinstein N, Starnes CO, Levy R. J Immunol. 1988; 140 (8): 2839-45
• Spontaneous T cell antigen receptor variants of a human T leukemia cell line. Maecker HT, Levy R. J Immunol. 1988; 141 (9): 2994-3002
• Synergistic antitumor activity with IFN and monoclonal anti-idiotype for murine B cell lymphoma. Mechanism of action. Basham TY, Race ER, Campbell MJ, Reid TR, Levy R, Merigan TC. J Immunol. 1988; 141 (8): 2855-60
• Anti-idiotype antibodies reveal the existence of somatic mutation in human B cell lymphoma. Levy R, Levy S, Brown SL, Kon S, Carroll W. Monogr Allergy. 1987: 22 194-203
• Antibody-directed targeting of liposomes to human cell lines: role of binding and internalization on growth inhibition. Berinstein N, Matthay KK, Papahadjopoulos D, Levy R, Sikic BI. Cancer Res. 1987; 47 (22): 5954-9
• Idiotype vaccination against murine B cell lymphoma. Humoral and cellular responses elicited by tumor-derived immunoglobulin M and its molecular subunits. Campbell MJ, Carroll W, Kon S, Thielemans K, Rothbard JB, Levy S, Levy R. J Immunol. 1987; 139 (8): 2825-33